autonomous lawn mower
We are proposing to design and implement an automation on a manual Lawn Mower that will serve the exclusive purpose of domestic field mowing. The robot would be physically mobile and would be capable of being operated and maneuvered by any domestic user. We believe that our design is an advanced ver
2025-06-28 16:30:32 - Adil Khan
autonomous lawn mower
Project Area of Specialization RoboticsProject SummaryWe are proposing to design and implement an automation on a manual Lawn Mower that will serve the exclusive purpose of domestic field mowing. The robot would be physically mobile and would be capable of being operated and maneuvered by any domestic user. We believe that our design is an advanced version of typical 21st century diesel mower. The user will be required to place the gadget in the field and the user needs to control the robot once using the built in Bluetooth control of the micro-controller to take a lap around the lawn and to help the robot locate the boundaries and make a map of the area that needs to be mowed. LIght Detection And Ranging (LIDAR) sensor will be used to make a map of the surroundings simultaneously while the user is taking a lap around the area and defining parameters. All this mapping will be done in the LINUX trusty 16.0 environment. The algorithm to be implemented to help the robot make the map is called Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM). Humans have brains that help them to think of what to do i.e. if you want to meet someone at your present location you send some specific coordinates according to your environment keeping in mind the surroundings where you are currently standing same is the case with robot the SLAM works as a brain to the robot and it helps the robot to make a map with the coordinates.
Project ObjectivesWe live in the industrial age where technology is merging with environmental awareness, consumers are looking for ways to contribute to the relief of their own carbon footprints. Pollution is man-made and can be seen in our own daily lives, more specifically in our own homes. Electric powered lawn mower is meant to be an alternate option to the popular and environmentally hazardous fuel powered lawn mower.
The purpose of this project is to facilitate the users to mow the grass of their own house lawns conveniently using the robot instead of doing it on their own or having to outsource the services. To fulfil the purpose, the robotic lawn mower devised in this project shall be powered by a 12 Volt DC battery, most optimal in its performance with respect to its compact size and commercial availability.
Project Implementation MethodAn extra specially designed base is attached with the manual lawn mower and motors were fixed on the base making it a four wheel design. Two motor driver circuits was designed using autocouplers, relays, BJTs, diodes (for snubber circuit) and some resistors. One driver circuit to run each motor. Then bluetooth control and obstacle avoidance (using SONARs) was implemented on arduino and android application was developed for bluetooth control. Then at the end, lidar was used to make the map of the area which war run on raspberry pi (with Ubuntu mate as operating system) and that map was used by the robot to move around.
Benefits of the ProjectIt is really hectic and a time consuming task to cut the grass of the lawn during extreme weather in both summer and winter. So, autonomous lawn mower can be used to mow the lawn without you going into the lawn yourself.
Our country has an agricultural background so by adjusting the design and implementing on larger machines intead of lawn mower, we can turn this grass cutter into a crop cutter to help cut the crops with incresed productivity and efficiency.LI
When you push the start button, the lawn mower does not know anything about the area. So, the user has to move the lawn mower through bluetooth with the help of android application to make the map of the lawn using Lidar. After the map is made and the robot knows the path to follow, then the lawn mower moves on its own and cuts the grass avoiding obstacles in it's path.
In motor driver circuit we are using opto coupler and relays. Optocoupler is used to isolate arduino and motor supply so that arduino doesn't burn if some reverse current flows in the circuit and relays are used to turn motors clockwise or anti-clockwise.
we are using arduino to control the motors of lawn mower to move left or right but arduino cannot provide enough power to drive the motors. So motor driver circuit is used to drive the motors and to control the rotation of motors with the help of arduino.
Sonar(ultrasonic sensor) is used for obstacle avoidance. Sonar emits sound waves and when these wave reflect back from an obstacle, sonar receives those waves and calculate distance according to it.
Lidar is used to make the map of the lawn. LIdar emits pulses of laser light and when this laser light reflects back from an object, it receives that light and measures the time and according to that time, it calculates the distance and on the basis of that distance, it makes the map with the help of hector slam.
Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemType of Industry Agriculture Technologies Artificial Intelligence(AI), RoboticsSustainable Development Goals Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 61800 | |||
| LIDAR | Equipment | 1 | 11000 | 11000 |
| Motors | Equipment | 2 | 2500 | 5000 |
| Hardware assembly | Equipment | 1 | 25000 | 25000 |
| Lawnmower | Equipment | 1 | 7500 | 7500 |
| Motor driver circuit | Equipment | 2 | 1000 | 2000 |
| Petrol | Miscellaneous | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| Raspberry pi | Equipment | 1 | 5500 | 5500 |
| Arduino | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Motor driver circuit | Miscellaneous | 2 | 1000 | 2000 |
| sonar | Equipment | 2 | 175 | 350 |
| IR sensor | Equipment | 2 | 150 | 300 |
| Bluetooth module | Equipment | 1 | 650 | 650 |