automatic water irrigation
This project on "Automatic Plant Irrigation System" is intended to create an automated irrigation mechanism which turns the pumping motor ON and OFF by detecting the dampness/moisture content of the earth. In the domain of farming utilization of appropriate means of irrigation is significant. The be
2025-06-28 16:25:28 - Adil Khan
automatic water irrigation
Project Area of Specialization Artificial IntelligenceProject SummaryThis project on "Automatic Plant Irrigation System" is intended to create an automated irrigation mechanism which turns the pumping motor ON and OFF by detecting the dampness/moisture content of the earth. In the domain of farming utilization of appropriate means of irrigation is significant. The benefit of employing these techniques is to decrease human interference and still make certain appropriate irrigation. The proposed model consists of three stages:
Firstly, sensing the land moisture levels.
Second stage is the determination of its status: dry or wet
Third stage is Motor control.
This project proposes the development of Automatic Plant Irrigation System (APIS) capable of detecting loss of moisture in soil using the soil moisture sensor. Specifically, APIS utilizes the Soil Moisture Sensor to detect water content level in soil and give appropriate responses to the system based on detected condition. Using this response, APIS determines whether or not the land needs to be irrigated. In the current version, APIS is capable of detecting and irrigating a small area that can be considered to be under a single pump’s coverage. APIS represents our most basic step towards automated farming to improve turn over and reduce the impact of draught or loss due to irrigation issues.
Since now days, in the age of advanced technology and electronics, the life style of the human should be smart, simpler, easier and much more convenient. So, therefore; there is a need for many automated systems in human’s daily life routine to reduce their daily activities and jobs. Here an idea of one such system named as automatic plant watering system is very useful. As many people are facing a lot of problem watering the plants in the garden, especially when they away from the home. This model uses sensor technologies with microcontroller in order to make a smart switching device to help millions of people.
In its most basic form, system is programmed in such a way that soil moisture sensor which senses the moisture level from the plant at particular instance of time, if moisture level of the sensor is less than the specified value of threshold which is predefined according to the particular plant than the desired amount of water is supplied to plant till its moisture level reaches to the predefined threshold value. System involves humidity and temperature sensor which keep tracks the current atmosphere of the system and has an influence when watering happens. Solenoid valve will control the water flow in the system, when Arduino reads value from moisture sensor it triggers the solenoid valve according to the desired condition. In addition, system reports its current states and sends the reminder message about watering plants and gets SMS from the recipient. All this notification can be done by using Arduino GSM shield.
After getting the hardware done, it’s time to test the hardware with the software. In this section, the implementation of the software design will be described in detail for each of the different automation/ technologies used within the system. This includes the Arduino code written and uploaded to the Arduino.
The first thing done was to get the solenoid circuit working and how the solenoid would act from the microcontroller perspective.
Arduino IDE was used to get the upload the software on the Arduino. For the basic solenoid circuit, a simple program was written which basically blinks the LED every 1 sec. digital pin 4, 5, 6 and 7 was defined initially which test the program and the circuit. So, when the program runs it makes all basic initializations, defines all the output pins in void setup () and then jumps into the void loop where it constantly runs and blinks LEDs on every 1sec.
After that, a small program was written and uploaded to the Arduino which gets the readings from the different sensor and prints them on the LCD. When the program goes into the void loop () it gets the readings from the sensor and does all the basic calculation and prints them on LCD.
Next thing is to upload the software for GSM module to the Arduino, through which GSM could communicate with the microcontroller. Modem test was done initially which does all the basic initialization and libraries for the GSM and gets the IMEI number and see if the modem is functioning properly once start communicating with Arduino. The next step is network connection test which basically initialized the GSM and displays all other network which GSM module can support.
Once the GSM module is tested and functioning properly it’s time to use GSM module to communicate with the recipient, which means sends SMS to the recipient and receive SMS from them. In order to do that, another simple Arduino wiring program was written and uploaded to the Arduino. The program initialized the GSM and send SMS to the recipient in contrast another Arduino program was written in which GSM receive the SMS from the end user.
Finally, once all the software design was done it’s time to merge all the software design together and build a final working software for the system. Different algorithm approaches were applied which can be seen under software flow section to get the final software working and does it what it supposed to do. It explains the working of the final software where it takes a reading, send SMS, receive SMS and start doing what it was doing previously.
Remote Control App with Rain Point APP, you can remotely manage multi-watering plans, notifications will be sent to APP when "Automatic" watering plans are active or pump is out of water.
Notice before Purchase only connects with 2.4 GHz WI-Fi___33, for dual-band router, please independently enable the 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi band and name it differently from the 5GHz Wi-Fi band. Before pairing Wi-Fi___33, make sure the USB cable is powered on.
?Worry-free Watering with “Automatic” function, customize your irrigation plans with local weather, temps, humidity, sunrise/sunset or weeks. Settable timed mode, which watering duration is from 6s to 30mins and watering frequency is from 1hr to 24hrs or from 1 day to 7 days.
?Universality] Rain point APP can add multiple family members and engage allowing families to co-manage - no worry about repeat watering. Setting manual or delayed watering - water only as you needed. 2 power modes (battery or USB cable) - ensures long-lasting power life when used simultaneously.
?Effective Water Saving? Automatic watering system delivers water deep into the soil, saving 70% water compared to traditional irrigation spray. It's portable enough to hang from a bucket in your bedroom, office, balcony or garden for automatic watering of indoor plants. Package of kits meets the watering of 10 plants, which are 1/4" Tubing (32.8Ft), Micro Drip Emitters x10, T Barb Fittingx10, Cross Barb Fitting x3, Straight Barb Fittingx3, USBx1, Tubing End Capsx3, Filterx1, Manual*1.
Automatic Drip Irrigation Kit: This kit is a system of water pumps, timers, tubes, and drippers that deliver the proper amount of water to each plant, which helps you avoid both under- and overwatering. It is a compact design for your home potted plant irrigation.
Easy to DIY: In 10 minutes you can install a drip irrigation system for your home potted or hanging plants. The kit offers all accessories you need - 33 ft tubes, 10 watering stakes, multiple T joints, and Cross joints, all of them can let you easy to DIY your own home watering irrigation kit.
Scientific Water-Saving Design: Using watering stakes can save at least 70% more water than using traditional spray & drip heads. You can spot the water only exactly where the roots needed, avoiding water evaporate over time and even making your drip system great for saving water in drought conditions. Generally, 1-gallon water can last for at least 3 weeks for 10 pot houseplants.
The circuit operation is quite simple: when the soil begins to get dry, the sensor will output to the Arduino board, which switches ON the water pump. Once the soil is adequately watered, Arduino switches OFF the water pump. That’s it.
The soil moisture sensor is of variable resistance. This means its resistance varies per the conductivity changes between its two sensor rods. When these rods are inserted into the soil, their conductivity changes as per the soil moisture content. If the soil is dry, the conductivity is less (and the resistance is high). On the other hand, if the soil is quite moist, the conductivity is high (and the resistance is low). So, the sensor’s resistance changes from high to low, or “max” to “min,” as per the soil’s moisture (an inverse proportionality). This change in resistance is converted into an analog voltage output and as the soil’s moisture increases, the analog output voltage decreases, and vice versa.
The sensor’s output voltage is given to Arduino as an analog input. The Arduino board will then convert it into a digital value and measure the soil’s moisture level (from 0 to 100%).
If the moisture level is less than the set threshold level (say, 10 or 20%), it will switch ON the relay through the transistor, turning ON the pump.
As the pump flows, the soil begins to moisten. Arduino will continuously read the soil moisture level from both sensors.
When a set moisture level is reached (say, 90 or 95%) in both of the sensor rods, Arduino will switch OFF the relay, which turns OFF the pump.
This cycle is continuous so the plant is watered when its soil becomes dry.
For this project, I’ve used only two sensors. But one can use a maximum of eight in different potted plants.
The operation of this circuit works because the program is downloaded (or embedded) into Arduino’s microcontroller.
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 44000 | |||
| Ardzuino | Equipment | 2 | 7000 | 14000 |
| Relays | Equipment | 3 | 5000 | 15000 |
| Designing | Equipment | 3 | 5000 | 15000 |