Automatic Solar Submersible Pump Control For Irrigation
Recently, fast-growing trends in consuming electricity and water, in various places, were witnessed. Among them are the agricultural irrigation processes, where considerable amounts of water and electricity are wasted. Economical irrigation systems have been developed in the past, but th
2025-06-28 16:30:28 - Adil Khan
Automatic Solar Submersible Pump Control For Irrigation
Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject SummaryRecently, fast-growing trends in consuming electricity and water, in various places,
were witnessed. Among them are the agricultural irrigation processes, where considerable
amounts of water and electricity are wasted. Economical irrigation systems
have been developed in the past, but they either resulted in costly budgets, or simply
used traditional, nonrenewable, sources of electricity. Irrigating big-size farms
requires huge efforts to keep all crops well maintained. Another problem is the need
to routinely check the irrigated area to perform required maintenance and to report
needs for fertilization.Designing an automated solar submersible irrigation system,
consisting of temperature, water levelling and moisture sensors. The system used
an Arduino micro-controller. Each soil moisture sensor was connected to Arduino
micro-controller that measures moisture present in a soil deeply in the active root.
Once the soil has reached the desired moisture level, the sensors send a signal to the
micro-controller to turn off the relays, which control the valves. Solar submersible
irrigation system proved very efficient because it increases yields and decreases both
water requirements and labour cost. The micro-controller, with the help of a sensor
water level indicator, is capable if there is a pump failure or insufficient amount of
water. Finally, the sensing unit converted all-analogue measured physical quantities
into a voltage signal to produce digital outputs for further processing. The processing
unit, within the micro-controller, controls all of the functions of the sensor node and
manages the communication protocols to carry out specific tasks and will display on
screen as well.
To find a solution for water wastage. Conserves electricity by eradicating the use
of grid power. Conserves water by reducing water losses. Economic and balanced
water supply to crops on the proper time will yield better crops.
This project is a good solution If the farmers
have a busy schedule, they will appreciate being able to work in the garden at the
same time as the plants are being watered. As a result, there is no a chance to get the
plants damaged because of dryness. And will lead farmer for better crops.
Automatic solar submersible will not only lead us for to get better yield by giving
watering plant on right time but will also lead us to save water a large quantity
of water is lost by opening and closing the canal for irrigation though traditional
method.Now a day most countries in a world are facing problems of shortage of
water and pakistan is on the top as well so this will lead us to use water properly
and by installing automatic solar submersible for irrigation we can reduce the loss
of water by efficient utilization of water.
In this system we relies on renewable source of energy i.e solar energy traditional
tube well system of irrigation relied on power from grid.In this way we can conserve
energy from a power sector.
Free yourself from a manual labour. Automatic irrigation system prevents weeds and diseases. Preserves soil structure and nutrient present in a soil.
Project Implementation MethodSolar panel generates 12V of voltage that can be used to power up
Microcontroller & Submersible pump.
? Solar energy is stored in the battery ( back up).
? All the required sensors are connected to microcontroller.
? The moisture & humidity sensor is used to sense the moisture content of the land.
? Microcontroller will sends the signals to the relay to switch on & off
pump.
? Operation of process is displayed on LCD & Mobile Application.
? Requirement of Fertilizer in soil (using Nutrient sensor).
Beneficial for farmers.
? Tackling Solution for energy crisis.
? Optimize usage of water.
? Better Crops.
? Conserves water by reducing water losses.
? Balanced water supply to crops to get better yield.
? Using renewable Energy resources.
Technical Details of Final DeliverablePV Module:
Photo-voltaic solar panels absorb sunlight as a source of energy to generate direct
current electricity. A photo-voltaic (PV) module is a packaged, connected assembly
of photo-voltaic solar cells available in different voltages and watts.
Maximum power point
The values of Vmp and Imp can be estimated from Voc and Isc as follows: Vmp
lies between 75 percent to 90 percent while imp between 80 percent to 95 percent of
Isc.
The rated power of the PV Solar Module in Watts (Pmax) is derived from the
above values of voltage Vmp and current Imp at this Maximum Power Point (MPP).
An inverter, is a power electronic device that changes direct current (DC) to alternating
current (AC).
single-phase voltage inverters found their wide application in uninterrupted supply
systems (UPS) for computers and computer-based devices and recently in power
supply systems with renewable energy sources . In both cases inverters play the
most important role, which is transformation of DC voltage to AC voltage that corresponds
to power supply.
push and pull inverter:
Push-pull inverters are one of the fundamental circuits used in DC/AC conversion.
They are commonly utilized for low voltage, high current applications. A common
practice when building a push-pull inverter is to connect transistors in parallel to extend
the current handling capabilities of the given circuit beyond the absolute maximum
average current of a single switching device. The switches used in inverter are
MOSFETs - a common choice due to their low resistance and high switching frequency
at low voltages. Paralleling MOSFETs is generally straightforward because
”turned-on” MOSFETs can be represented as equivalent resistance. In some cases,
however, especially where highly inductive loads are involved, a heavy-duty regime
of the reverse antiparallel diodes of the MOSFETs could occur due to imbalance
of their voltage drops and individual switching characteristics. This could form a
uniform energy loss distribution among the parallel devices that could lead to overheating
and failure of single MOSFETs. The parallel connection of MOSFETs that
provides balance to the energy losses in the transistors and consequently creating a
uniform thermal field shared between the different devices.
Submersible Pump
A submersible pump, also called an electric submersible pump, is a pump that can
be fully submerged in water. The motor is hermetically sealed and close-coupled to
the body of the pump.The submersible pump definition is, as the name suggests these
pumps are designed because they are immersed in a well, tank, otherwise container.
Submersible pump designers have designed several general types of pumps to make
them appropriate for immersion. The submersible pumps motors are enclosed within
compartments which are filled with oil that don’t have contact by the material they are pushing,
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 42700 | |||
| Solar Panel | Equipment | 1 | 10000 | 10000 |
| Charge Controller | Equipment | 1 | 7000 | 7000 |
| Inverter | Equipment | 1 | 6000 | 6000 |
| Sensors | Equipment | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| Microcontroller | Equipment | 1 | 1500 | 1500 |
| Relays | Equipment | 1 | 1200 | 1200 |
| Water tank | Equipment | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |
| Miscellaneous equipment | Miscellaneous | 1 | 4000 | 4000 |
| Submersible pump | Equipment | 1 | 10000 | 10000 |