Aggregated Model of VPP For Stability Enhancement in Power System Network using V to G A Conceptual Framework with reference to rural electrification

Our project is proposed to coordinate a set of distributed power source I. e, grid, solar, wind and EV?s battery to act like a single power plant that is virtual power plant (VPP). Our project is based on aggregated model of virtual power plant that applied a concept of V2G and G2V, help us to VPP t

Project Title

Aggregated Model of VPP For Stability Enhancement in Power System Network using V to G A Conceptual Framework with reference to rural electrification

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

Our project is proposed to coordinate a set of distributed power source I. e, grid, solar, wind and EV’s battery to act like a single power plant that is virtual power plant (VPP). Our project is based on aggregated model of virtual power plant that applied a concept of V2G and G2V, help us to VPP transient for the voltage stability analysis of power system.

A VPP is a cluster of DGs in Grid system with several different technologies, e.g. wind         generator (WT), PV panels, electric vehicle (EV) chargers, electrical storage system (ESS)  and loads VPP can coordinate their internal units via the dual-directional communication system.

 Energy storage system reinforcement of the power grid demand control measurement as well as virtual power plant structure (VPP) are candidate to increase the system reliability of electric grid and to support the use of renewable energy resources. Depending on the discharge time and the power rating energy storage system are classified in three main areas and electric batteries are able to cover all three main areas

1: Power Quality

2: Power bridging

3: Energy management

 Electric Vehicles (EVs) connected to the grid, so called V2G and the grid connected to vehicle called G2V, offer a new possibility for energy storage purposes. Such kinds of green mobility systems are not yet widespread, but it is expected that in the next decades their use will increase. From the electric grid point of view the V2G could be seen both as an electricity consumer and as an electricity supplier. In fact, the energy stored in their battery packs can be delivered to the grid when it is required and utilized the energy from Grid when battery needed itself.

Project Objectives

Our objective is to relieve the load on grid by smartly distributing the power generation during the  periods of peak load and off Grid system and utilize the power of electric vehicle

A VPP is a network of decentralized power generating units such as wind farms, solar parks, and combined heat and power (CHP) units, as well as flexible power consumers and storage systems. The interconnected units are dispatched through the central control room of the VPP but remain independent in their operation and ownership

A VPP is a network of decentralized power generating units such as wind farms, solar parks, and combined heat and power (CHP) units, as well as flexible power consumers and storage systems. The interconnected units are dispatched through the central control room of the VPP but remain independent in their operation and ownership

Project Implementation Method

In this project Firstly we integrate the power sources like solar ,pmdc,gird .and supply integrated power to the load .For the stability of the load at peak time we use v2G technique .In this technique we use EV battery to provide power to the system when the system is over loaded.after that we also use G2v technology in which we use integrated power of the sources to charge the EV battery. For the charging and discharging of the battery we use charger controller to design the charger for the battery. For the controll of the whole system we controller Arduino uno .this controller controll all the activities and operations of the system and make decisions .Operations like charging and discharging of the EV battery,peak time calculations, switching etc.

Block diagram

Wind and solar integration

The combination of wind and solar energy leads to reduced local storage requirements. The combination of complementary and multilevel energy storage technologies, where a super capacitor to compensate for fast power fluctuations and to smoothen the transients encountered by a battery with higher energy capacity.

Micro grid hybrid energy systems have been shown to be an effective structure for local interconnection of distributed renewable generation, loads, and storage. Recent research has considered the optimization of the operation on one hand and the usage of dc to link the resources on the other .A schematic of the dc micro grid with the conventions employed for power.

The dc bus connectswind energy conversion system (WECS), PV panels, multilevel energy storage comprising battery energy storage system (BESS) and supercapacitor. The WECS is connected to the dc bus via an ac–dc converter. PV panels are connected to the dc bus via a dc–dc converter. The BESS can be realized through flow battery technology connected to the dc bus via a dc–dc converter. It is connected close to the LV–MV transformer to reduce losses and voltage drop and it is connected to main grid.

Power distribution

After the main dc busbar we use dc to ac inverter to supply alternating current to load .we also use filter to avoid the fluctuations. after that we use dc to Ac converter for V2G technology and use Dc to Dc boost converter for the G2v technology. After that we design a controller.

Centralized controller

For the purpose of the controlling the whole system we use Arduino uno controller .this controller make decisions of charging and discharging of the battery,provide power to the load in off grid system, provide porovide power form the EV battery if the frid is overloaded etc

Benefits of the Project

Clean power generation like wind, solar, and hydro is cost-effective, and the penetration into the electricity generation landscape is growing. Building and connecting this renewable infrastructure is not on its own enough to replace fossil fuels while maintaining the current standard of on-demand and reliable power. Managing the grid has become such a complex operation that more and more digitalization is necessary, and finally, autonomous systems will take over. But the picture is much broader. The demand and consumption of energy has also changed remarkably.

Renewable energy is increasing electrification and, therefore, electricity demand. The switch to renewable energy is encouraging a transition to electric vehicles (EVs). In fact, in some ways, the switch to EVs is going faster than the switch to renewables. But an EV charger draws a lot of power off the grid, and like behind-the-meter solar, grid operators do not know where EVs are in use or how many are on each distribution line.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Our work proposes a dc quick charging station infrastructure with V2G capability in a VPP facility. The dc bus used to interface EVs is also used for integrating a solar into the VPP. The proposed architecture allows high power bi-directional charging for EVs through off-board chargers.

 EV batteries are connected to the dc bus through off-board chargers. A grid connected inverter connects the dc bus to the utility grid through an LCL filter and a step-up transformer. The important components of the charging station are described below.

Battery Charger Configuration

 For dc fast charging, the chargers are located off-board. A bidirectional dc-dc converter forms the basic building block of an off-board charger with V2G capability. The converter consists of two IGBT/MOSFET switches that are always operated by complimentary control signals that shown in below  figure

Buck mode of operation:

Buck mode of operation ( charging mode): When the upper switch is operating, the converter acts as a buck converter stepping down the input voltage  to battery charging voltage and follow the concept (G2V). When the switch is off, the current takes its return path through the inductor and diode of lower switch and completes the circuit.

Boost mode of operation:

When the lower switch is operating, the converter acts as a boost converter stepping up the battery voltage to the dc bus voltage. When the switch is in on state, current continues to flow through the inductor and completes its circuit through the anti-parallel diode of the upper switch, and the capacitor. The net power flow in this case is from the vehicle to the grid (V2G) and the battery operates in the discharge mode.

Grid Connected Inverter

 The grid connected inverter (GCI) converts the dc bus voltage into a three phase ac voltage and also allows the reverse flow of current through the anti-parallel diodes of the switches .

Control system:

A constant current control strategy using controllers is implemented for charge/discharge control of the battery charger circuit  The controller first compares the reference battery current with zero, in-order to determine the polarity of the current signal, to decide between charging and discharging modes of operations. Once the mode is selected, the reference current is compared with the measured current and the error is passed through controller to generate the switching pulses for S_buck and S_boost switches. S_boost   will be turned off throughout the charging process and S_buck will be turned off throughout the discharging process.

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Energy

Other Industries

Core Technology

Others

Other Technologies

Wearables and Implantables

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com