A non-intrusive data acquisition and load monitoring system for multi-environment applications.

Project Title

A non-intrusive data acquisition and load monitoring system for multi-environment applications.

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

              There are a lot of factors to understand for the settlement of energy crisis.The trend towards increasing energy efficiency using more renewable resources in on the rise. Demand side management presents opportunities for end consumers to participate and help increase the energy efficiency by reducing load during peak hours. For efficient utilization of resources, the consumers require the in-depth knowledge about the existing appliances consuming energy. Lord Kelvin has accurately stated that if you cannot measure it, you cannot control it. To breakdown the energy consumed by each individual appliance, one solution is to use sub-metering technique to measure the energy consumption at appliance level. Appliance level energy monitoring is more labor intensive and expensive, especially with the increasing number of appliances. Another modern technique that can be beneficial for monitoring the load appliances is the non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM). NILM is a phenomenon which inquires changes in voltage and current which enables the homeowners and building managers to measure energy consumption in building and also the individual appliance energy consumption.

NILM isn't a replacement concept, the first non-intrusive devices return almost twenty years to processes developed at MIT. The purpose of hardware design is to tell us which type of appliances is operating in a home. We will design the hardware to disaggregate the load from aggregated power data and give different variable signals of different frequency. The different type of standard signals already saved in a data form. We will compare these signals with existing signal and recognize which load is ON/OFF. Also, the fluctuation can be determined by noting the difference in waveform of the specific load.

Project Objectives

      Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring is a technique by which we can increase the system capability and efficiency. For obtaining the required results, we intend to take the values of current and voltage to collect a time-series data. Using analog to digital converter the data is converted into digital form (ADC). It will then be passed through field programming gate array (FPGA) for digital signal processing. The signal is then handed through FTDI chip to convert the data in serial format and save to external hard drive connected to a single-board PC (Raspberry pi). Later, these signals will be used for the event detection of the different appliance.

Project Implementation Method

The current transformer will be used for gathering the current wave-form of the electrical appliances. Basically voltage transformer performs two operations. 1st we provide the supply to the raspberry pi and 2nd we collect the system operating voltage for gathering the data. In the next step, we will use the analog to digital converter (ADC) that converts the analog values (obtained from CT and VT) to digital. In the next step, we will use the field programmable gate array (FPGA) for digital signal processing. After processing the data, we used the FTDI chip for providing the digital processed data to raspberry pi and in last step we save the data in the raspberry pi and this data we used for the event detection.

Future Technology devices Internationals (FTDI) semiconductor device chips install the USB protocol stack .To tell computer what is the right driver to load now this device is used. Raspberry pi is mini-computer and a data storing device, which uses standard mouse and keypad it is used for the operation and execution of computer program.

used for the operation and execution of computer program.  

We can also use sound card as an alternative for ADC (AD7656). This device is the best alternative of ADC and as soundcard operating voltage are very low so for the protection of sound card we will use protection circuit. Protection circuit consists of 220and 10K ohm resistors, 4 diodes and 3 audio jack male and female each. Input signals we will collect from CT and PT and output we will provide to the protection circuit and output of protection circuit collect by using male jack and this output we will use in sound card .

Benefits of the Project

The objective of this project is to identify appliances which are consuming power, with high degree of accuracy. Monitoring of electricity consumption is an important step to help minimize energy usage. The most widespread application is detail bill information, which gives more information to the consumer to increase energy saving and reduction its cost. Other useful applications are illegal load detection, the detection of anomalies in household load data, which can report possible energy theft.

The predictive maintenance approach is used as diagnostic system to predict the appliances before they fail but requires staff training. We can apply NILM technology for predictive maintenance for appliances. Another vital feature of NILM is predictive maintenance in which monitoring real time and predicting simultaneously the status of any machine (e.g., household appliance, motor, etc.)

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

An energy monitoring solution with the capability to detect events (ON/OFF) from different operation appliances operating in a house of building.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry Energy Other IndustriesCore Technology Clean TechOther TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Sustainable Cities and Communities, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	75750
Raspberry pi 4 model B	Equipment	1	15000	15000
AK-MACHXO2-7000 Development Board	Equipment	1	18000	18000
USB Soundcard/ AD7656	Equipment	1	7000	7000
Current Transformer	Equipment	3	3000	9000
Voltage transformer	Equipment	3	750	2250
Power supply	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Protection cct. (fuses, diode, bread/veroboard, etc)	Equipment	1	2500	2500
audio jacks + cables	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Display screen	Equipment	1	5000	5000
Misc (Resistor, potentiometers, powerstrip, jumper cables, etc	Equipment	1	5000	5000
Printing/overhead	Miscellaneous	1	10000	10000