Variable Pressure Water Turbine

Project Title

Variable Pressure Water Turbine

Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject Summary

To begin with, it is an educational based project. Hydel Generation is one of the cleanest generations among all fields of Power Engineering. Field of Power is progressing all around the world but here in Pakistan’s universities, the only source available for practical application of Power Engineering is the Alternator (Generator). Thus, this project will facilitate the necessity of Hydel Generation to the field. Moreover, it is Pakistan’s first Hydro Power Lab. 

             We have designed an artificial Hydel Generation System which demonstrates the operation and problem faced in generating constant energy of 3KW through the water with variating pressure then it is synchronized with the grid system to give the concept of how multiple generating stations work as a single unit.

                The motivation behind this project is to provide quality education and to provide a better understanding of Power Engineering and its subfields to the upcoming batches of Electrical Power Engineering.

Project Objectives

• To get a constant generation in variable pressure of water.
• To display frequency and voltages using Blynk android app on mobile.
• Synchronize the generation of the turbine with the grid system.
• An addition to the Power Engineering Lab for the upcoming batches in our institute.

Project Implementation Method

For implementation, the main sections of our project with its specific details are:

1. Generation Section 
2. Controlling Section 
3. Synchronization Section

SECTION#1: GENERATION

• The key source of our project is water which is already specified from our project's title. The tanks will be used for this purpose as a water reservoir of the dam.
• The turbine is placed at the corner of the university's building which will be generating 3 KW power.
• This generated output will be synchronized with the KE with our synchronization box, to have the combined power on our distribution box.
• The water which will fall through pipes will be thrown back upwards to the overhead tanks by the pump action.

SECTION#2: CONTROLLING

        The controlling part of our project is done through a valve, which is controlled by the Control Box. This valve will be placed at the inlet of the turbine. Through the valve, we are controlling the pressure of water by using different modes. We are using 3 modes for the operation of the valve, described below:

• AUTOMATIC MODE:

In this mode, we are controlling the valve with GUI in which we have used an android app ‘Blynk’ to automate the valve. In this app, we have created some virtual pins to fulfil our purpose.

• MANUAL MODE:

In this mode, we are controlling the valve through physical buttons attached on the Control Box.            This mode will be used if in any case, automatic and sync modes malfunction and fail to operate the valve properly.

• SYNC MODE:

In this mode, we are controlling the valve through syncing the coming frequency from the KE and the generated power from our system, through comparisons. The valve will adjust itself according to the comparison made from this mode.

SECTION#3: SYNCHRONIZATION

This is another main part of our project. In which we are synchronizing the electricity coming from the KE and from our system. For synchronization, the following parameters are equalized, for further distribution:

• Voltage
• Frequency
• Phase Angle and Phase Sequence

Benefits of the Project

• This project focuses on quality education and to initiate learning specifically on power generation.

• It will help the institute to have a state of the art and one kind of a power generation lab.

• By this project, the students at an institute will be able to observe the generation by water at generating stations (involving dams) and other small generation plants.

• It can be used by other institutions for educational purposes.

• By the help of overhead and underground water reservoirs, the concept of dams can be easily observed.

• To avoid the water crisis in Pakistan, a closed loop system can be used. The issue of water shortage or misuse/wastage of water can be eliminated by this system.

• Furthermore, the addition and improvements in the project is a part of the process. Such as, addition of IOT’s different mediums for transmission of parameters and improvement in the generation by adding of additional generators to the system

• It will help the upcoming batches with their Final Year Project. Some students can opt for it as their Final Year Project and can come up with new ideas for the improvement in the system.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The final outcomes and deliverables from our projects are divided into two sections:

1. Hardware
2. Software

• HARDWARE:

      The hardware section of our final year project is furthermore divided into 3 subsections:

Generation section: This section will include: tanks, turbine, and pumps.

Controlling section: It includes Control box attached with a valve with its 3 modes of operation.

Synchronization section: It includes the major component of our project which is synchronoscope, frequency meter, and voltmeter.

• SOFTWARE:

      The software used in this project:

Android app 'Blynk': The platform from where you can create virtual pins for operating your device. Through this app we have controlled the valve.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemType of Industry Energy Technologies OthersSustainable Development Goals Quality EducationRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	63000
Motorized control valve (3	Equipment	1	14000	14000
Control Panel	Equipment	1	10000	10000
synchronization Panel	Equipment	1	30000	30000
Wiring	Equipment	1	9000	9000