Smart Wheel Chair

Project Title

Smart Wheel Chair

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

The most difficulty faced by physically challenged people is that they have to depend on others for their movement. We have developed a gesture-controlled wheelchair to make them independent. The user just needs to wear a gesture device in which an accelerometer sensor is included. The sensor will identify the movement of the hand in a specific direction which will result in the motion of the wheelchair in the respective directions. We also controlled this wheel chair through joystick, Voice recognition and android app(optional). An ultrasonic sensor is also used for detecting obstacles in the path. We present a very useful and integrated approach to real-time detection and control of direction by hand using gestures. We are developing this Wheelchair in Rs 40-50000. The wheelchair is designed in a cost-effective way but ensures safety, flexibility, and mobility for the users.

Project Objectives

Objectives:

Objectives of this smart wheel chair are given below;

1. The objective of this project is to fascilate the movement of people who are disable or handicapped and elderly people who are not able to move well. The goal of this system will allow certain people to live a life with less dependence on others for their movement as a daily need.
2. To protect the tissue integrity of the user
3. • To develop a voice controlled wheelchair system by using C++  for wheelchair control.
4. To design and develop an android app through which we can operate a movement of wheel chair Using android device.
5. To implement and use the voice based system so that users voice as an input to control the mobility of wheelchair.
6. Helps to implement movement for disabled people and aged people who can?t move properly.
7. Easy to drive with negligible efforts.
8. Less Complexity and Hardware to mount.
9. Can be mounted on the existing wheelchair.
10. Wireless control helps to monitor the wheelchair.
11. Reduces manpower and dependency on other human drive.
12. To make wheel chair compact and economical.
13. Provides easy movement for physically challenged people.
14. Low power consuming and easy to operate the wheelchair

Project Implementation Method

Introduction:

This project is to develop a Smart wheelchair which is useful to the physically disabled/challenged person using hand movement ,  by using hand gesture reorganization, through android app or through joystick or through Voice control. With the help of the wheelchair, the physically disabled person can move himself to the desired location by using existing tools that control the movement of the chair. This project aims to provide a feasible solution to those handicapped/disabled people who do not have the ability to move the wheelchair by themselves. These include people with the serious paralytic condition. The percentage of disabled people is getting increased in both rural and urban part of Pakistan. The disability may be caused by birth or due to some medical or by accidental reason. Today in Pakistan many people are suffering from disabilities, there are people whose lower half of the body is being paralyzed. This Wheelchair increases comfort and makes the life of people bit easier. Around million of people are affected by movement disability. Out of total disability maximum people suffers from a disability in movement. Smart Wheelchair automated control systems proved that it is a very versatile tool for many problems in human computer interface systems.

Methodology / Implementation: Proportional Control

In the proportional control algorithm, the controller output is proportional to the error signal, which is the difference between the setpoint and the process variable. In other words, the output of a proportional controller is the multiplication product of the error signal and the proportional gain.

Initially joystick is set at the exact middle where both motors are not be rotating. As soon as the joystick is moved the potentiometer encodes analog voltages and transfer them to microcontroller where these analog voltages are converted to digital signal. Than this digital signal is sent to motor drivers which in turns rotates motors in desired direction i.e. for forward direction both rotate in clockwise direction.

Voice Control:

The voice-controlled wheelchair works using unilateral mic, voice recognition module, microcontroller and motors. The input to the system is the unilateral mic. It’s capable to take user’s voice commands and not bother about other noises. The mic will be placed as per the user’s comfort. The output is in the form of voice signals and is transferred to the voice recognition module which acts as an interface between mic and microcontroller. Microcontroller then receives the output from voice recognition module thus converting it into digital signal. This signal is given to motors-driver circuit. Motors are responsible for the movement of wheelchair. Hence, motor-driver receive input from the microcontroller and depending upon the instruction type, motors moves accordingly.

Android App:

Wheel Chair can also move through android app.

Benefits of the Project

This Wheelchair benefits to people who are:

• Paralytic person.
• Those who crawl.
• Those who walk with the help of aid.
• Those have acute and permanent problems of joints/muscles.
• Those who have stiffness or tightness in movement or have loose, involuntary movements or tremors of the body or have fragile bones.
• Those who have difficulty in motor cell and neurons coordination.
• Those who have lost the sensation in the lower part of the body due to paralysis or other problems.
• Those who have twisted body parts and suffer from any kind of deformity in the body.

There are many other advantages of this Smart Wheel Chair. Some of them are given below,

• Increse Impedence

Electric and manual wheelchairs both allow the user to get around and undertake daily activities without assistance. This smart wheel chair, in particular, provides increased independence due to it’s ease-of-use and the ability to travel without experiencing fatigue.

• Social:

By using this wheel chair disabel persons also becoome social. They can take part in many daily activites.

• It reduce human efforts.
• Easy to move for handicappe and paralyzied person.
• Cost efficient
• User Friendly
• Easy to use for everyone.
• Offer constant power.
• Easy to use without any care taker.
• provide independence to a disabel person

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The cost of our project is between 40-50 thousand. The main and technical deliverable is Aurduino through which we control the whole device. Nodemce used for comunication between android mobile and aurduino. For the voice recognition we use Google assistant. some other deliverable components are Joystick,Solar Panel ,motors and wheel chair frame.

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry MedicalOther Industries Transportation Core Technology Shared EconomyOther Technologies RoboticsSustainable Development Goals Decent Work and Economic Growth, Life on LandRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	45020
aurduino uno	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Node MCU esp8266	Equipment	1	850	850
Motor Driver	Equipment	1	1280	1280
DC Servo Motor 12V	Equipment	2	8000	16000
Batter 12V/7A	Equipment	1	2500	2500
IRF MOSFET	Equipment	4	150	600
Joy Stick	Equipment	1	2000	2000
MPU	Equipment	1	550	550
Vero Board	Equipment	3	80	240
Bread Board	Equipment	1	150	150
RGB LED's	Equipment	5	10	50
Solar Panel 12W	Equipment	1	2500	2500
LCD 20 by 4	Equipment	1	800	800
12c Driver	Equipment	1	700	700
Ultra Sonic Sensor	Equipment	4	200	800
Wheel Chair	Equipment	1	10000	10000
Miscellaneous	Miscellaneous	1	5000	5000