smart irrigation system using wireless sensors network

Project Title

smart irrigation system using wireless sensors network

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

Pakistan is an agricultural country and agriculture plays major role in the gross domestic product rate of our country. As agriculture completely depends on proper irrigation system and in Pakistan we usually prefer flood irrigation. A lot of water is wasted during flood irrigation. In order to save water, we are going to make our irrigation system smart enough to control water supply according to our needs using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). The main focus of this system is to collect data from field areas where sensor nodes are deployed. The collected data is then transmitted to controller node. Base on the received data, controller node will take action which is turning on/off of water supply (tube well). This project will try to minimize the problems related to water supply by using wireless sensor nodes placed in different areas in the fields. These nodes will timely note the temperature, humidity and different parameters on which the water requirement depends. These nodes will send the data collected by the sensors to the control unit, which will act as a supervisor node.

We are using WSN because wireless sensor networks are the group of sensor nodes that are distributed over large areas to observe different environmental and system’s perimeters. The physical environmental perimeters include temperature, humidity and many others. In general, a WSN consists of large number of homogeneous or heterogeneous sensor nodes that are placed in different field areas and collect information using sensors and carry it to the sink node that can be single or multiple in a network. So we can save water by working on this project.

Project Objectives

The main purpose of this project is to reduce water loss because our whole world is facing problems of water loss and Pakistan is a tropical country which is may face dry weather patches resulting in huge water shortage. Our water reserves are drying and on the other hand our economy depends mainly on agriculture and due to flood irrigation, lots of water is wasted. We should develop some suitable plan to save our water reserves. So main objective of this project is to make our irrigation system smart enough that it can save water and we can use water supply according to the need only, not more not less. 

Project Implementation Method

We will implement different nodes in the irrigation fields. Then, we will use a communication module like zigbee and a controller node. A node consists of different types of sensors, a controller, a communication module and a battery. In our project, we have used temperature, water level sensor and humidity and moisture sensors. Aurdino is used as a controller and for communication we have used LORA module. Sensors would detect moisture level, temperature and water level, then data is transmitted by LORA module to controller module. The decisions are made accordingly whenever, the data is communicated to the central node. On the basis of that data tube well is turned on and off. We turn it on and off using relays and solenoid valves. For implementation of our software model with energy efficiency, we are using MATLAB.

Benefits of the Project

Our project has following benefits

1. Reduces water loss

2. Reduces labor work. 

3. Economically efficient

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

We have done software simulation using MATLAB. Extended version of LEACH is used for algorithums because it is energy efficient algorithum. The components which we used are Arduino. Lora module for communication. Water level sensors , Dht11(humidity and temperature), moisture sensor. we have interfaced with Arduino using Arduino ide. we will perform two way communication using Lora module. Then flow control using relays 

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry TelecommunicationOther Industries Agriculture Core Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other Technologies OthersSustainable Development Goals Climate ActionRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	17915
Lora modules	Equipment	6	1000	6000
Arduino	Equipment	5	700	3500
DHT11	Equipment	5	200	1000
water level sensor	Equipment	5	200	1000
moisture sensor	Equipment	5	250	1250
water pump	Equipment	1	5000	5000
relays	Equipment	3	55	165