Smart Health Care Application For Comatose Patient using Raspberry pi And Internet Of Things
Embedded system is becoming an integral part of Engineering design process for efficient analysis and effective operation. From data analysis to hardware work, everywhere embedded products are the main interest because of its reliability and time bound perfection. There is not much time with anyone
2025-06-28 16:35:23 - Adil Khan
Smart Health Care Application For Comatose Patient using Raspberry pi And Internet Of Things
Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject SummaryEmbedded system is becoming an integral part of Engineering design process for efficient analysis and effective operation. From data analysis to hardware work, everywhere embedded products are the main interest because of its reliability and time bound perfection. There is not much time with anyone now a day to give enough in all aspects, so demand of embedded products which serve as we want is high on demand. Further it describes the design of an embedded system for the monitoring and controlling of blood pressure, temperature, eye movement, urine level, humidity, Raspberry Pi and LCD. It describes the controlling action incorporated in the hardware to control any device connected when specific conditions are met. As we know coma is a state of unconsciousness in which patient cannot feel or respond to the pain, light or sound, it does not initiate volunteering any actions. Patients in a coma state need to have a continuous update of Blood pressure, temperature, humidity, and urine level. Doing this manually can become almost impossible to keep updates of multiple patients at the same time. In order to address this situation, our system comes to the rescue; this system will collect the information of patients with the help of sensors. These sensors use WIFI to communicate this information to the internet. This system is powered by the Raspberry Pi it includes a blood pressure monitoring unit and an ultrasonic sensor to check urine, temperature sensor, motion sensor, and an LCD display.
When we turn the system on, it gets connected to the website using WIFI, System monitor shows four signs namely heart rate, temperature, humidity, and urine output. While testing heart rate function of the system, the heart rate and blood pressure value get updated over IOT and LCD display. As we know the patient who is in comatose cannot urinate on their own so a rubber tube is inserted into their bladder to remove urine. This system tests urine level and also updates the value over IOT and LCD, when the patient urinates. Further set up is made such that data can be stored for future offline analysis. The hardware developed namely "Smart Health Care Application for Coma Patients Using Iot". In this project we are using various sensors and modules for performing a different type of functions and the “Thingspeak” Cloud service is used for storing all the data in the cloud, it provides security and facility of accessing all the parameters at any time which is very useful for the doctors at the time of treatment. This system also generates an alert when it required that means at the time of any critical conditions and notifications about the medicines, location change, conditions etc.
1) Reduce the workload of medical staff .
2) Accurate real time monitoring .
3) Alerts about the condition of patient to doctors for better treatment.
This system will collect the information of patients with the help of sensors. These sensors use WIFI to communicate this information to the internet. This system is powered by the Raspberry Pi it includes a blood pressure monitoring unit and an ultrasonic sensor to check urine, temperature sensor, motion sensor, and an LCD display.
When we turn the system on, it gets connected to the website using WIFI, System monitor shows four signs namely heart rate, temperature, humidity, and urine output. While testing heart rate function of the system, the heart rate and blood pressure value get updated over IOT and LCD display. As we know the patient who is in comatose cannot urinate on their own so a rubber tube is inserted into their bladder to remove urine. This system tests urine level and also updates the value over IOT and LCD, when the patient urinates.
In case if the patient regains consciousness and attempts to move, the sensor will detect the motion and update it over IOT and LCD. In this way, our system monitors the comatose patients.
Coma is a deep state of unconsciousness. Such cases patients require a serious attention and continuous monitoring to save there lives.
In order to address this situation over system come as rescue. This system will collect all information like Heart rate, blood pressure, urine output, Temperature , Humidity and motion detection from sensors and update it on website in real time and also give alerts. Using motor we can also feed the coma patient as well. In this manner our system will moniter the comatos patients. In Coma state, patients are alive but could not move and respond to environment. There will be a medical staff that moniter them continuously and take all the readings manually. To take all the readings manually there will be a chance of an human error. In some critical cases they moniter their health parameter in every 5 to 10 mints until patient is stabilized. It is very difficult task for staff to check all parameters continuously. This system is proceed to eliminate the burden of continuous supervision. It will alert the doctor or staff when attention is needed. This system will be helpful to assisting the doctors about the patient’s condition. It will moniter the comatos patient regularly to see if there is any change in physical parameters of the vegetative state patient.
Patients in a coma state require a continuous monitoring of their blood pressure, temperature, eye movement, urine level and humidity. It is almost impossible to keep updates of multiple patients at the same time manually. In order to address this situation, our system comes to the rescue; this system will collect the health parameters of patients with the help of sensors and then all data sent to the website with the help of internet and it give alerts on it
Technical Details of Final DeliverableBlood Pressure Sensor - Serial output:
The Blood Pressure Sensor is a non-invasive sensor designed to measure human blood pressure. It measures systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure utilizing the oscillometric technique. Pulse rate is also reported. It’s very easy to interface with microcontroller having UART.
DHT22 Sensor:
It consist of humidity sensing component and a NTC temperature sensor (thermistor) and one IC on backside of the sensor.
For measuring humidity, it use humidity sensing component which has two electrodes with moister holding component between them as humidity changes the conductivity of subtract changes or the resistance between electrodes changes. This change in resistance is measured and proceed by IC which make it ready to read by microcontroller.
Temperature Sensor:
For temperature measurement a thermistor is used. It is a device that changes it resistance with change of temperature. It is made up of ceramic or polymer which provide large changes in resistance with small changes of temperature. It works on NTC (negative temperature coefficient).
To aware about ICU environment we use temperature and humidity sensor because both two factor are important for coma patient recovery.
Peristaltic Pump:
A peristaltic pump is a type of positive displacement pump used for pumping a variety of fluids, they are also commonly known as roller pumps. Peristaltic pumps are typically used to pump clean/sterile fluids.
With the help of this pump we can easily feed our coma patient effectively.
Ultrasonic Sensor:
Ultrasonic sensor is an instrument that measures the distance to an object using ultrasonic sound waves. An ultrasonic sensor uses a transducer to send and receive ultrasonic pulses that relay back information about an object’s proximity.
High-frequency sound waves reflect from boundaries to produce distinct echo patterns.
We use ultrasonic sensor for monitoring the level of urine output.
Eye Blink Sensor:
Eye Blink sensor senses the eyeblink using infrared radiations. The Variation Across the eye will vary as per eye blink. If the eye is closed the output is high otherwise the output is low.
We use eye blink sensor to check patient eye movement either the eye is open or closed.
PIR Sensor (passive Infrared, Pyroelectric, IR motion):
This sensor is used to check patient’s movement, if patient recover fastly so there will be a chance that it can awake and move around the ICU.
| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 41400 | |||
| Blood Pressure Sensor - serial output | Equipment | 1 | 15000 | 15000 |
| Peristaltic Pump | Equipment | 1 | 1500 | 1500 |
| Respberry Pi 4 | Equipment | 1 | 9000 | 9000 |
| Eye Blink Sensor | Equipment | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |
| DHT22 Temperature Humidity Sensor | Equipment | 1 | 1000 | 1000 |
| PIR Sensor (passive Infrared Sensor) | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Ultrasonic Sensor | Equipment | 1 | 200 | 200 |
| LCD 16x2 | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Vero board | Equipment | 2 | 100 | 200 |
| Cable and connector’s | Equipment | 15 | 700 | 10500 |