smart and intelligent water trapping system based on IOTs in agriculture
In this world, full of technology a new emerging technology IoT playing an important role in making our life easier with the help of sensors, that allows device communication possible. IoT make everything thing smart from personal to professional life. IoT saves time and money and allow automation a
2025-06-28 16:29:06 - Adil Khan
smart and intelligent water trapping system based on IOTs in agriculture
Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject SummaryIn this world, full of technology a new emerging technology IoT playing an important role in making our life easier with the help of sensors, that allows device communication possible. IoT make everything thing smart from personal to professional life. IoT saves time and money and allow automation and control. Water is most important component for life because water is life, without water life is impossible. With rapid growth in population and factories polluting the environment with harmful chemicals, gases, exhaust substances and other destructive particles. All these contaminate the water that affects the human health badly. Smart Water Quality Monitoring System using IoT is developed using IoT to test the quality of drinking water; excellent, good and poor to avoid the water diseases. For this, three water parameters are monitored using pH, turbidity and temperature sensor with Arduino UNO microcontroller to read the values from the sensors. Later we need to store this data, to save it we use PLX- DAQ to save the sensed data into excel sheet. To make our system smart, a supervised learning machine algorithm; Decision Tree make the system intelligent. Decision tree working based on information gain and gain ratio. This is achieved by using RapidMiner tool, in which different operators are used to train and built the decision tree. After the training and testing the implemented system gives 90.24% accuracy to check the drinking water quality.
Project ObjectivesOveruse of water and rapidly growing populace leads world to lack of water and on the other side human activities are the reason of million people’s deaths every year because the usage of contaminated water. Due to this serious problem, there is need a system to real time monitor the water quality properly. Through the Smart Water Quality Monitoring System using IoT, we can overcome the problem by taking earlier steps towards contamination and scarcity of water:
- A system for real time monitoring to ensure drinking water quality
- A system for measuring water quality parameters (turbidity, temperature and pH) in a cost- effective way through user friendly method.
- To design and develop a system to overcome health hazards and give alert message of increasing pollution levels.
- Make easy access of water quality data through mobile application for people.
- It can be used for commercial and domestic purpose.
After the collection of data of all the three sensors (pH, turbidity & temperature) using Arduino IDE & PLX-DAQ of three different classes of water i.e. Excellent, Good & Poor in three different temperatures. The collected dataset is imported to RapidMiner in the form of excel sheet by creating a new process.Drip irrigation systems are one of the most efficient irrigation systems in water use. Drip irrigation systems in plantation areas with different types of plants have different watering times, so the water pressure in the pipe varies according to the number of activated emitters. The unstable water pressure in a pipe will make the water flow at the emitter output unstable, so that the volume of water supplied to the plant is unstable as well. Therefore, it is necessary to control the water pressure in the pipe and keep it constant. Pressure control is conducted by adjusting the speed of the water pump. This research focused on implementation of water pressure control on a drip irrigation system using a centrifugal water pump driven by a brushless DC motor. This study uses a sectrifugal water pump with a maximum discharge capacity of 26 l/h and the maximum head is 15 meters. This water pressure control system has a feedback signal from a water pressure sensor mounted on the irrigation network pipe. The proportional integral control method was implemented on an ARM microcontroller with a sampling time of 100?ms. The controller parameters were calculated using the Ziegler and Nichols methods that yield proportional and integral constants of 0.5 and 4.9 respectively. The prototype testing was performed by providing a set point of water pressure control at 14 psi, in which the system has a rise time of 3 seconds and a steady state error of 3.6%.
Benefits of the Project drip irrigation
Water Dripping is an efficient and economical way to water your yard and garden. Used commonly in drier areas of the country, drip irrigation is becoming more popular in the Northeast. Unlike other forms of irrigation, such as sprinklers that are only 65-75% efficient, drip irrigation 90% efficient at allowing plants to use the water applied. And, it reduces runoff and evaporation. Drip irrigation applies the water slowly at the plant root zone where it is needed most.
Water Dripping has more commonly been used in commercial nursery and farm operations, however, homeowners are beginning to take advantage of its uses and benefits. As a homeowner, you can use drip irrigation in your vegetable and perennial gardens, and to water trees and shrubs.
Water Dripping involves placing tubing with emitters on the ground along side the plants. The emitters slowly drip water into the soil at the root zone. Because moisture levels are kept at an optimal range, plant productivity and quality improve. In addition, drip irrigation:
- Prevents disease by minimizing water contact with the leaves, stems, and fruit of plants.
- Allows the rows between plants to remain dry, improving access and reducing weed growth.
- Saves time, money, and water because the system is so efficient.
- Decreases labor.
- Increases effectiveness on uneven ground.
- Reduces leaching of water and nutrients below the root zone.
The main idea and objective of this project was to check the quality of drinking water by measuring quality parameter of the water and that was achieved successfully through IoT technology using sensors pH, turbidity and temperature. This thesis consists of the detail of the work done in this project and how we did it. It includes the sensors, microcontroller used in this project. System architecture of the smart water quality monitoring system is given and the how to create the connections between them a full fledge summary of interface with Arduino and how PC get the values through them is provided. And the result can be seen at the serial monitor or at excel sheet with the help of PLX-DAQ with the read values of turbidity, pH and temperature. In this thesis, we perform the calibration of the sensors to achieve the accuracy. We perform some of the tests using different liquid solution to check that the parameters are working correctly or not. After the satisfaction of the sensor we put the sensors into different water sample in different temperatures to get the dataset.
The pH and temperature shown the values as they are expected in their ranges and unit, pH unit and degree Celsius unit respectively: but turbidity is not designed to show the actual turbidity value in NTU, so we measure the turbidity in the form of voltage and provide the relationship between them. To make our system intelligent a supervised learning algorithm decision tree is used that works on gain ratio that choose high weighted feature to split the tree. This project is successfully implemented and tested to check the quality of water, it is used as in testing and training and shown 90.24 accuracy. The overall information of each hardware or software used are given.
Finally, we successfully conduct our research through measuring the quality of drinking water using standard parameters pH, temperature and turbidity that is easy, low cost and automatic.
Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry AgricultureOther IndustriesCore Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Clean Water and Sanitation, Decent Work and Economic GrowthRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 72000 | |||
| soil moisture sensor | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| SMS Controllers on-demand irrigation | Equipment | 1 | 4000 | 4000 |
| temperature sensor | Equipment | 1 | 6000 | 6000 |
| resistance temperature detactor components | Equipment | 1 | 1500 | 1500 |
| weather analysis instrument | Equipment | 1 | 37000 | 37000 |
| water pump | Equipment | 1 | 10000 | 10000 |
| pipes | Equipment | 1 | 8000 | 8000 |
| documentation | Miscellaneous | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| stationary | Miscellaneous | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |