Smart Agriculture Using IoT

Project Title

Smart Agriculture Using IoT

Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject Summary

Agriculture is the single largest employer in the world, providing livelihoods for 40 percent of today’s global population. It is the largest source of income and jobs for poor rural households. As such smart agriculture can play a vital role in fulfilling the food requirements for the people, with minimal manpower needed. In areas with low rainfall this system would ensure conserving water resources, bringing about prosperity in the area.

As we see in Pakistan a lot of water is wasted during irrigation. According to water policy, "Pakistan running dry by 2025". There is no measurement and monitoring of watering system. So, measures need to be taken in order to control water wastage. We chose the field of agriculture and are trying to save water in agricultural lands.

• We are designing a device which is a composition of different sensors like
  • Soil moisture sensor
  • Rain sensor
  • Temperature sensor
  • Humidity sensor

It will be Cloud-based and complete monitoring and control system. The farmers can monitor the field conditions from anywhere. IoT-based smart farming is highly efficient when compared with the conventional approach.

Project Objectives

• Minimal water wastage 
• Increased crop productivity
• Fully automated
• Manual control using app
• Cloud Based remote control access
• Putting minimal efforts on the farmer/gardener
• Easy to handle

Project Implementation Method

We have designed a special system for smart reporting of plants and water controlling purpose.

• In this we collect different sesnors data
• Then, transmit it to cloud server
• Cloud to web dashboard
• Data travels to mobile app 
• Farmers get the required information
• Farmers monitor the situation 

Sensors

   Sensors used are:

• Soil moisture sensor
• Rain sensor
• Temperature sensor
• Humidity sensor

Server

We will be using Amazon Web services for controlling our data.

Controls

It has two Controls:

• Manual
• Automatic

Manual

Manual control is via app.

            Automatic

                        Solenoid valves are power-operated devices used to modify fluid flow or pressure rate in a process system. A relay is used for connecting the solenoid valves, water motor to wemos boards.

            Software

                        Software used for coding of Arduino is Arduino IDE.

Benefits of the Project

IoT-based smart agriculture can provide great benefits including more efficient water usage and optimization of inputs and treatments. This will help improve water monitoring and low water wastage.

Giving you freedom to go wherever you want to, while still producing those healthy plants by our system which has both automatic as well as manual control using app.

Our device can be used in the following places:

• Residential gardens
• Green Houses 
• Progressive farmer's fields etc

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The final deliverables include:

• Efficient and Effective watering to plants
  • This is made possible by the sensors installed in ground. It's the sensors that make the decision when and how much to water your plants (right timings and quantity of watering). Accuracy is 70 to 75%. 
• Minimal water wastage during irrigation
  • When the plants will be watered at the right time and in the right quantity our task of saving water would be accomplished automatically. Because, the electronic valve is automatically switched off when the plant requirement is fulfilled.
• Increased crop productivity
  • When the crops/plants are watered correctly the crop production is increased. We see that some plants and crops need high amount of water like rice crops and some need little water. A lot of people do not care about this and end up dry and rooted plants and crops. 
• Smart reporting of field
  • Every gardener/farmer is notified of their lands situation on their smart phones easily. 

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemType of Industry Agriculture Technologies Internet of Things (IoT)Sustainable Development Goals Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	8200
Wemos board	Equipment	3	700	2100
Soil moisture sensor	Equipment	2	100	200
Rain sensor	Equipment	1	90	90
DHT 11	Equipment	1	140	140
Arduino board	Equipment	2	1100	2200
Node MCU	Equipment	1	600	600
2 channel relay	Equipment	2	170	340
electronic valve	Equipment	2	650	1300
battery	Equipment	1	90	90
power adapter	Equipment	1	260	260
jumpers	Equipment	20	15	300
resistors	Equipment	5	10	50
transistors	Equipment	5	10	50
bread boards	Equipment	4	120	480