Power System Protection Device with IoT based Support

This project is a power-system protection device with IoT based support designed to be included in smart environments based totally on Internet-of-Things technology. The proposed device enhances electrical protection with the aid of rapid disconnection of the power supply in case of fault like leaka

Project Title

Power System Protection Device with IoT based Support

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

This project is a power-system protection device with IoT based support designed to be included in smart environments based totally on Internet-of-Things technology. The proposed device enhances electrical protection with the aid of rapid disconnection of the power supply in case of fault like leakage current, over-current or over-voltage and electrical arc. It has been designed with the goal to be included in smart environments like smart homes or smart cities for protecting the electrical equipment. The system also permits real-time tracking and notification events through a communication interface.

Project Objectives

• Advanced fault-detection and protection through excessive-speed disconnection in case of: over-current, over-voltage, leakage current and electric arc.
• Fast electrical load decoupling which takes place at the first current zero-crossing following the fault event for overvoltage, leakage current and electrical arc
• Automatic re-coupling following overcurrent and overvoltage events, if the fault does not persist
• Manual (after on-site inspection) re-coupling following leakage current and electric arc, events considered serious and life-threatening since they may imply electrocution or fire.
• Local display for status messages and data transmission to a concentrator for real-time monitoring via Web-based interface
• Flexible and scalable communication infrastructure assisting an easy integration in smart environments and with other utility service operators through Web-based protocols and APIs.
• Real-time monitoring by transmitting recorded events to a Web server in which the information is available through an internet Web-based interface.
• Notifications by using email and text messages to designated individuals.

Project Implementation Method

The protection device has been implemented based on an original, innovative design that ensures the protection of electrical consumers connected to the public power supply grid by disconnection of electrical supply in the event of several faults like overvoltage, overcurrent, leakage current and electrical arc.

The controller Arduino The ATmega328 has 32 KB (with 0.5 KB used for the bootloader). It also has 2 KB of SRAM and 1 KB of EEPROM provide appropriate performance for this application.

The Voltage conditioning module receives the signal from the voltage sensor following a low pass filtering for removing surges which cause disturbance.

The input signal for the current conditioning module is provided by the Hall sensor output signal following low pass filtering for removing the harmonics.

In order for the arc detection module to accurately detect the electric arc, the specific higher order harmonics selected by high pass filter are encountered in the case of an electric arc and harmonics amplitude is compared with a pre-defined threshold by an analogue comparator and activates the digital input to the controller.

In the leakage current conditioning module, the signal coming from the hall sensor through which both ground and phase wires pass is fed to the operational amplifier. The signal obtained is in proportion to the difference of the two currents in the ground and phase wires. Both signals generated by line current conditioning module and by the leakage current conditioning module are applied to the analog inputs of the microcontroller.

For decoupling of load, a Solid state relay is used, having a 3-32V DC input, 24-300 V AC output, and 25A maximum current, and for neutral decoupling we have used a relay. Decoupling of load takes place first for the phase and then for the neutral, while recoupling occurs in the reverse order.

Benefits of the Project

The technological fashion of implementing smart technology, fostered with the emergence of Cloud Computing and the Internet of Things (IoT), caused a transfiguration of regular gadgets and environments to “smart” entities. Traditional electrical protection devices normally tend to head past and become “smart”, and consequently offer advanced fault-detection and protection, remote monitoring and real time event notification.

By becoming smart, domestic houses are embedded with ubiquitous computing device that connects all of the household gadgets to one another and the Internet. Smart city also embeds inside the town landscape computer systems, sensors, cameras and unique sensitive equipment working in the back. In those instances, protecting the supply grid in case of faults will become even extra critical, given the growing amount of sensitive devices connected in the rising Smart globe.

Moreover, the conventional electrical protection for residential, workplace and commercial is based totally on traditional circuit breakers tripping or fuses being blown while an overload occurs, consequently providing constrained protection and warning.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

This device enhances the safety of electrical consumers attached to the public power supply stations by disconnecting the electrical supply in case of several faults like overvoltage, overcurrent, leakage current and electrical arc.

Our proposed system overcomes the traditional functionalities of a classic circuit breaker not only by providing enhanced protection against additional faults but also by becoming smart in the sense that each protection device communicates with a Web server for reporting the recorded events. The system also provides monitoring of network of operating devices and also real-time notification of events through e-mail and text messages.

The most important specifications of the proposed system are:

• Advanced fault-detection and protection through excessive-speed disconnection in case of: over-current, over-voltage, leakage current and electric arc.
• Flexible and scalable communication infrastructure assisting an easy integration in smart environments and with other utility service operators through Web-based protocols and APIs.
• Real-time monitoring by transmitting recorded events to a Web server in which the information is available through an internet Web-based interface.
• Notifications by using email and text messages to designated individuals

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

IT

Other Industries

Others

Core Technology

Internet of Things (IoT)

Other Technologies

Sustainable Development Goals

Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Required Resources

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