ON THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A NOVEL AUTONOMOUS SMART VEHICLE (The future of mobility)

The main research objective of this project is to design, analyze, Implement and  test power optimized energy harvesting techniques for IOT based smart citys major element (Autonomous vehicles) and device to device communication (D2D) communications between various Autonomous veh

Project Title

ON THE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A NOVEL AUTONOMOUS SMART VEHICLE (The future of mobility)

Project Area of Specialization

Internet of Things

Project Summary

The main research objective of this project is to design, analyze, Implement and  test power optimized energy harvesting techniques for IOT based smart citys major element (Autonomous vehicles) and device to device communication (D2D) communications between various Autonomous vehicles withing smart city. We shall be focusing on the development of new ultra-low complexity and energy-efficient smart protocols for energy harvesting and power distribution among IOT based network of a smart city as well as their optimization using fractional programming, integration of hardware and software. This project basically aimed at the design and implementation of energy harvesting techniques for energy efficient communication among smart vehicles moving  in a smart city. In the context of energy harvesting, If the energy resource is not always present, then the system (Vehicles) needs to store energy in a battery, super capacitor, or micro energy cell.  Energy harvesting solutions in Autonomous vehicles demand much from the electronics that support them. The circuitry and the energy storage must all be protected from excess voltage or power spikes. The supporting electronics must be highly power efficient since the energy source is generally small.  One of the main challenges in the successful deployment of IoT technology is their limited battery size. Accordingly, the battery has to be replaced every few months or years, depending on the energy-efficiency of the device, and the battery size. However, the replacement of the batteries is considered to be impractical because of the massive number (in billions) of IoT devices. In addition, regular battery replacement in some scenarios are too dangerous (eg., toxic environments), and are even impossible (eg, devices placed inside building a structure or human body). An attractive solution to expand the life-time of these devices (Autonomous vehicles) is to equip them with energy harvesting technologies. This facilitates the devices to scavenge energy from sources such as solar, motion, temperature differences, etc., and use them for communicating with other devices in the network. However, the unpredictable and random nature of these energy sources makes its use challenging for IoT applications where Quality-of-Service (QoS) is of vital importance.

Project Objectives

Wireless power transfer (WPT), is an innovative technology which can be successfully deployed in order to improve the energy efficiency and longevity of devices in IoT [2].However a more promising approach  is Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) that transmits power and information at the same time thereby resulting  in significant gains in terms of spectral efficiency, time delay, energy consumption, and interference management. The main research objective of this project is to design, analyze, Implement and  test power optimized energy harvesting techniques for IOT based smart citys major element (Autonomous vehicles) and device to device communication (D2D) communications between various Autonomous vehicles withing smart city. We shall be focusing on the development of new ultra-low complexity and energy-efficient smart protocols for energy harvesting and power distribution among IOT based network of a smart city as well as their optimization using fractional programming.

Purpose of propsed IOT based autonomous vehicle is together traffic information such as traffic density, so that they can choose a route with less traffic to overcome the traffic congestion. We demonstrate system for safe driving such that anti-theft mechanism, it can sense their surroundings and navigate without human intervention, the purpose is to overcome the problem of vehicle robbery .Another system for the safety of vehicle from accident by using notification system which could give assurance for user when interfacing with an accident.

Project Implementation Method

1.The first step shall be to investigate close-to-optimal but low-complexity signal processing algorithms for wireless powered IoT networks underlying 5G-and-beyond cellular networks. Key research issue is to move the internal parts of Autonomous vehicles and their management and scheduling policies.

2. As a second step, an analysis of expected information and energy harvesting rate, and the coverage of 5G and-beyond overlaid wireless-powered IoT networks shall be made. 

3. Then the optimization of 5G-and-beyond overlaid wireless-powered IoT networks. Ambient interference from other RF sources such as mobile phones, access points, etc.,

Finally, We shall be designing an harvesting based Autonomous vehicle as a heterogeneous component in the smart city. Several key points have to be taken into account to achieve a design of this kind of system: software-hardware partitioning, multi-physics simulation and higher level integration will be used.  

Benefits of the Project

A few Benefits of IOT based Autonomous vehicles would be 

• RF Camera Tracking
• Mobile application control of car
• Facilitation for Disables
• Vehicle movement control
• Reduced Co2 Emissions
• Increased Lane Capacity
• Lower Fuel Consumption
• Accident Protection
• Reduced Travel Time and Transportation Costs
• Reduction in Vehicle Robbery

The benefit of fully IOT based autonomous vehicles is to minimize the need of a human driver. Transportation services such as Uber will start using self-driving cars instead of human drivers, and might become a cheaper and better alternative for public transport users instead of having their own car. This will represent an advancement on the way cities are planned, as fewer parking places will be needed, and most importantly, in a smart city with most of its vehicles being connected and autonomous. This will result in a major decrease on travel time, and it will also save lives as emergency services will be able to reach their destinations faster. Increase full efficiency and reduce pollution or more efficient vehicle may reduce congestion and roadway costs.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

IOT Driving Less Vehicle Techniques:

The car is controlled using an Android application that communicates over Bluetooth. [1] Using the HC-05 Bluetooth module, the NRF24L01 transceiver module and the HC-12 long range wireless module, as well as, using a Smartphone and a custom-made Android application. Sensor security is a realistic issue to the safety of autonomous vehicles. Three essential kinds of sensors that Automated Driving Systems rely on and have been deployed on Tesla vehicles with Autopilot are studied and examined, i.e., ultrasonic sensors, Millimeter Wave Radars, and cameras. Jamming attacks and spoofing attacks have been launched against these sensors indoors and outdoors, and cause failure in the automotive system, all of which could potentially lead to crashes and impair the safety of self-driving cars.

IOT based Accident Detection Technique:

[2] MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) sensor that detect the accidental car roll over and it is given as the input of the controller for processing. When the input received, the message sends to medical team with the help of GSM. The location or geographical coordination when the vehicle is present are detect by the GPS.

IOT based Vehicle Theft Detection Techniques:

[3] The aim of this technique is to develop an advanced vehicle locking system in real time domain. When someone wants to stole vehicle then the system which is feed in vehicle sends a SMS to owner of the vehicle owner will recall the system and after that system will turn off the ignition of the vehicle The user can send a STATUS message from his cell phone and GSM module gets the message, it will check for the user’s authentication and if found to be valid then it will send the details of the locations like the latitude and the longitude using GPS module. So the user can get to know the exact location of the vehicle.

In[4] this system an obstacle sensor like IR Sensor is mounted in front of car. The IR receiver can be a photodiode which decodes the signal and it detects the position of the obstacle and informs the microcontroller about the obstacles ahead. The car anti-theft system which placed inside the car gets enabled when car opened by any unauthorized persons so that the process starts and relay indicates the microcontroller which enables the alarm so that everyone nearby gets to know that car is being under theft.

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Type of Industry

Transportation

Technologies

Internet of Things (IoT)

Sustainable Development Goals

Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Required Resources

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