Off Road Terrain Unmanned Seed Sowing Ground Vehicle
We plan to work in automation of agricultural field/area and we are using modern robotic techniques (UGV) for manoeuvring and implementing the seed sowing mechanism. An Unmanned Ground vehicle is any machine that moves on ground performing some job, without explicitly carrying a human. UGV?s
2025-06-28 16:34:18 - Adil Khan
Off Road Terrain Unmanned Seed Sowing Ground Vehicle
Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject SummaryWe plan to work in automation of agricultural field/area and we are using modern robotic techniques (UGV) for manoeuvring and implementing the seed sowing mechanism.
An Unmanned Ground vehicle is any machine that moves on ground performing some job, without explicitly carrying a human. UGV’s are actually ground mobile robots that can perform their operations without the presence of human on them.
In the present scenario most of the countries do not have sufficient skilled man power in agricultural sector and that affects the growth of developing countries. Therefore farmers have to use upgraded technology for cultivation activity (digging, seed sowing, fertilizing, spraying etc.). So it’s a time to automate the sector to overcome this problem which intern will also eliminate the requirement of Labors and also avoid the wastage of seeds.
The conventional seeding mechanism has worn old. In the current generation most of the countries do not have sufficient skilled man power specifically in agricultural sector and it affects the growth of developing countries. So it’s a time to automate the sector to overcome this problem. In Pakistan there are 70% people dependent on agriculture. Innovative idea of our project is to automate the process of sowing crops such as corn, onion, carrot & to reduce made simple for effective handling by unskilled operators (farmers). In this project direction is provided by using software programming. By using that proper direction is given to the robot. The farm is not the straight line and smooth. If any obstacle is occurred like stone, electric light pole, trees, etc such new path is establish by automatically without any help.
The following problems are identified.
- Deficiency in seeding.
- More labour required so it is more expensive.
- Un skilful labour.
- More maintenance cost.
- Not efficient.
- Slow speed in seeding.
- Not uniform placement of seeding.
- Proper compaction over seed is not provided.
- Depth is not uniform with regard to seed
UGV’s are actually ground mobile robots that can perform their operations without the presence of human on them. UGV’s can be classified into various categories based upon their characteristics like type of control system, locomotion, intended area or path of operation etc.
Our main motivation about UGV is to make a seed sowing robot. In this robot we will automate our robot which will dig the soil and sow the seed without human interference
For this purpose, we will join an arm with robot which can dig the soil and sow the seed to the hollow surface of an arm. After sowing the seed in side, the soil, the arm will come out and it will move to the next point at a constant interval and will repeat the same task at that point and so on.
Project ObjectivesOur project consists of two machines. One of them is the UGV which would our main objective because all the mechanism like seed sowing etc. should not be working properly without UGV. It includes a very unique design that involves aluminum base, motors that are coupled with chain and gear with an all tires of the robot. Tires of our robot is designed like that it would be fissible for off road. Seed sowing machine consist of mechanism that become faster than farmer. So in this way we so bring an automation in agriculture field because in Pakistan there is lack of green houses and plantation sheds and our 70% economy based on agriculture so it will help very much in agriculture field.
- To manufacture seed sowing machine which can be operated by single operator.
- To level the ground in small extent.
- To enable machine that can sowed different types of seed.
- To maintain the same distance between two seeds at a time of sowing seed.
- Speed control.
- Position control.
- Stability.
The advanced seed plantation machine consists of seed storage container in which the seeds to be planted are stored. Below the need nozzle are provided. It is having hole throughout. In which exactly back displacer are used. For sensing consist of five ultra-sonic sensor type which detect the obstacles in front of the machine and machine rotating 180 degree toward a not working path, it is ignore already working path. This is eye of the robot. The Ultra-sonic sensor is a device you can use with the BASIC Stamp to measure how far away an object is. With a range of 3 centimeters to 3.3 meters, it's a shoe-in for any number of robotics and automation projects. It's also remarkably accurate, easily detecting an object's distance down to the half centimeter.
- Base
- Camera
- Motors
- Microcontroller
- Arduino
- Mechanical part for drilling and seeding etc
UGV’s are actually ground mobile robots that can perform their operations without the presence of human on them. UGV’s can be classified into various categories based upon their characteristics like type of control system, locomotion, intended area or path of operation etc.
Our main motivation about UGV is to make a seed sowing robot. In this robot we will automate our robot which will dig the soil and sow the seed without human interference
For this purpose, we will join an arm with robot which can dig the soil and sow the seed to the hollow surface of an arm. After sowing the seed in side, the soil, the arm will come out and it will move to the next point at a constant interval and will repeat the same task at that point and so on.
Benefits of the ProjectThese multi-purpose, intelligent and elegant mobile platforms are used in a variety of applications. Typically applications include bomb disposal, material handling, reconnaissance surveillance, planetary exploitation, rescue operations police and military applications and it would be very fissible in agriculture field like seed sowing planting watering etc.
A specific application called Urban Search and Rescue (US&R) involves the use of mobile robots in emergency services. They provide great assistance for natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, building collapses, and mining disasters. It is important to seek out the landscape within the building or mine (for smooth operation) before executing the rescue mission. Using sensors installed on the robot can indicate dangerous areas. They can be of immense help in providing information about trapping while keeping human intervention to a minimum.
Seed sowing machine is a devices that can be easily handle through UGV. Because it is machine which control many applications in real life. It consist of mechanism which has whirl at the top of the arm which could dig the soil and one pipe is connected with arm along with tanker which contain seeds of different types when arm whirl can dig the soil then automatically it hold one seed and put it into the soil and move on. It should be follow the coordinate which we can give to them. If we wanted to do this job on the large scale then we also connected it through google map.
- Structural analysis of UGV
- Control development/enhancement of the UGV
- Stability
- Avoidance of human interference
- Highly applicable in daily life
- Automation in agriculture field
- Reduce cost and time
- Spacing between two seed is even
- Reduce farmers in agriculture field
The Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) is basically any mechanical platform that can travel across the surface of the Earth, as a means of transport, but does not explicitly carry a human. Demand and employment of UGVs is rapidly increasing due to its versatile applications. These multi-purpose, intelligent and elegant mobile platforms are used in a variety of applications. Typically applications include bomb disposal, material handling, reconnaissance surveillance, planetary exploitation, rescue operations police and military applications and it would be very fissible in agriculture field like seed sowing planting watering etc. The overall UGV consist of the following parts.
- Sensors: In order to interact with environment then sensors are required. The accuracy or precision is important for UGV that will interact with unpredictable environment.
- Platform: The platform is essential for locomotion, as it provides the infrastructure. And the source of power and position for the rest of the robot system.
- Control: It is the brain of robot from this inelegancy of the robot depend upon. It has classic alogo. Control to become more sophocaited, like hierarchical learning.
- Human Machine Interface: It is control of the robot by human that what control you can be used although fully automated then you should give it a path or if you can monitored the robot then one person should control all the parameters of the robot it give them all directions etc.
- System Integration: It is robot designing that how robot can design what kind of components should be placed in the robot for more accurate and precise able result and that would be fissible for environment. Mobile robot depend on following parameters.
- Field robot
- Social robot
- Inspection and surveillance robot
- Service robot
- AGVs
BASE: First of all UGV have largest mechanical part like first challenge is to make base material because we have to weigh to almost 70 to 80kg so we must have make base such a material that would be fissible for our project. In the start we think that we should buy the base but it would be not fissible for our project our project having two part UGV and seed sowing.so that’s why we should built our own base.
RIGDNESS: After making the base frame then we want to rigid our base because there are two motors in the base and shaft and chain any much more things so we can buy two more L angle rod with a length of 22 inches and width of 6.2 inches and place it inside in frame of the base so it would increase the rigidness of the base body.
MOTORS: Now another major challenges is to select the motors. The motor should be like that would be lift almost 80 to90 kg of the weight. . It is DC motor that would operate on minimum 18v and 74 r.p.m. The motor should be connected inside the aluminum rod and its shaft would be passing through aluminum alloy and coming outside where it can connected through the gear chain which could couple all four tires.
Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry AgricultureOther Industries Manufacturing , Transportation Core Technology RoboticsOther Technologies Artificial Intelligence(AI), OthersSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for People, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 77785 | |||
| ALuminium Base (L shaped alloy) | Equipment | 8 | 360 | 2880 |
| DC Motors | Equipment | 2 | 8000 | 16000 |
| Shafts | Equipment | 5 | 480 | 2400 |
| chains | Equipment | 2 | 500 | 1000 |
| gears | Equipment | 4 | 200 | 800 |
| cutting and shaping | Equipment | 10 | 1000 | 10000 |
| aluminium plates | Equipment | 2 | 2000 | 4000 |
| tyres | Equipment | 4 | 2500 | 10000 |
| DC battery | Equipment | 1 | 7000 | 7000 |
| rasberry pi | Equipment | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |
| arduino mega | Equipment | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| ibt-2 (Hbridge) | Equipment | 2 | 800 | 1600 |
| wrill motor(seed sowing) | Equipment | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |
| wrill arm | Equipment | 1 | 1500 | 1500 |
| bucket and pipe | Equipment | 2 | 550 | 1100 |
| wires and connectors | Miscellaneous | 35 | 120 | 4200 |
| cladding sheet | Miscellaneous | 3 | 650 | 1950 |
| 3d print hardware | Miscellaneous | 5 | 671 | 3355 |