Modeling operation and control of DC microgrid in Grid connected and Islanded mode

Project Title

Modeling operation and control of DC microgrid in Grid connected and Islanded mode

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

A Microgrid (MG) is a building block of a future smart grid, it can be defined as a network of low voltage power generating units, storage devices, and loads.

A general dc microgrid connects different sources with the load using some interfacing devices and applying control techniques. All nodes contain a local source and load. Sources can be categorized as ac and dc sources. AC sources are nonrenewable generators, wind, and ac grid. These sources require an ac to dc converter to integrate with the dc microgrid. Photovoltaic (PV), fuel cell, and energy storage devices (batteries) are dc sources. These sources require dc to dc converter to connect with the dc microgrid.

DC micro-grid mainly works on two modes of operation. When the supplied energy from the available sources is sufficient for all load elements, the micro-grid will send out energy to the utility grid. In the other case, if the load demand is not satisfied, it will draw energy from the utility grid.

A microgrid can operate autonomously and can also be connected to the utility/main grid. In case any fault occurs while operating in grid-connected mode, the microgrid has the ability to disconnect itself from the grid and operate independently supplying its local load.

DC micro-grid provides an efficient, cost-effective, and clean source of energy. It also ensures the reliability and sustainability of the system and reduces congestion on the utility grid.

Project Objectives

The objectives of this project are listed below.

1.To model the various components of DC micro-grid like, solar cells, Deisel generators, windmills, energy storage devices such as Lithium-ion batteries, and loads.

2. To simulate the model by using simulation tools like MATLAB and apply control techniques for the efficient and cost-effective operation of  DC micro-grid either in islanded mode are grid-connected mode.

3. To implement our final model of DC micro-grid on the hardware. 

Project Implementation Method

This project will be implemented in the following steps.

1. Studying the operation of various components of DC micro-grid. Their transient and steady state behaviour will be studied.

2. Simulating the models of the components of micro-grid using simulation software.

3. Varifying the results we got after simulating the model.

4. Simulating and verifying the control techniques for the operation of DC micro-grid in either islanded and grid connected mode.

5. Simulating the final design and varifying the results.

6. Hardware implementation of the proposed model.

Benefits of the Project

The benefits of the project are listed below.

1. This is the first project of its kind which is to be worked on in our department. So it will help the students to work and research more on the Microgrids in the future.
2. Renewable generation could appear in Microgrid, especially those interconnected through power electronic devices, such as PV systems or some wind turbines. Biofueled microturbines are also a possibility. Environmentally, fuel cells and most renewable sources are a major improvement over conventional combustion engines. Environmentally, renewable sources are a major improvement over conventional combustion engines.
3. The simplification of the grid interface, and the reduction of impact on grid operation, as well as the execution of seamless islanding during grid failure.
4. DC resource coupling in the interests of increasing system efficiency.
5. Reducing and eliminating the need for customization.
6. The Micro-Grid concept assumes an aggregation of loads and micro sources operating as a single system providing both power and heat. The majority of the micro sources must be power electronic-based to provide the required flexibility to insure operation as a single aggregated system. This control flexibility allows the MicroGrid to present itself to the bulk power system as a single controlled unit that meets local needs for reliability and security.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Project is aimed to deliver the following deliverables.

1.Detailed overview of the operation of the various components using in modeling. Also their operation in different operating states such as islanded and grid connected mode.

2. Software simulation of the various components using different control techniques purposed in the modeling in the various operating modes. Also a comprehensive report of the results found in the simulation.

3. Hardware implementation of the prototype of DC micro-grid for islanded and grid connected mode puposed in step 1 and step 2.

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry OthersOther Industries Education , Energy Core Technology OthersOther Technologies Internet of Things (IoT), Shared EconomySustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean EnergyRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	60370
Inverters	Equipment	6	200	1200
Switches for inverters	Equipment	19	2000	38000
Gate drivers	Equipment	9	130	1170
PCBs	Equipment	6	1000	6000
Controllers	Equipment	3	3000	9000
Miscellaneous	Miscellaneous	1	5000	5000