Medicine vending machine

Project Title

Medicine vending machine

Project Area of Specialization Biomedical EngineeringProject Summary

In the recent time, health is the mandatory priority of every country. In remote area, the health care workers and pharmacy services are not available 24x7, so it is very difficult for people to access immediate symptomatic relief. It is very challenging for patients in the rural to go to the cities for minor health problem. The existing vending machines were used for specific purposes and had different input parameters; some of them used prescription of doctor as an input and dispensed medicine in accordance with it. Other used ATM card or a coin as an input for starting of machine. On the other hand, automatic pill dispenser was made with an alarm system to remind the patients to take their medicine. We are interested in this project, which is very useful in providing instant medication services in the rural areas. This medicine vending machine detects and diagnoses the different symptoms of different patients and dispenses medicine accordingly. This machine aids in removing the requirement of specialists for minor health problems. In this project, the major components that we use are temperature IR sensor and pulse oximeter sensor, system for cough detection as input parameters. Patient comes in front of the machine, IR temperature sensor will measure the temperature of body, if he will have cough it will be detected by the installed system and pulse oximeter will measure the heart rate of that particular person. After the measurement of the temperature and heart rate, the readings will be displayed on the LED. For processing, a   microcontroller which is Aurdino, is used to analyze input parameters and after processing of input parameters it provides output. The output signal in return is detected by the stepper motor which will respond to output signal. Program designed on Aurdino makes the decision by analyzing all the conditions i.e. if input temperature is above the threshold provided in the software and patient also have greater heart rate than the normal heart rate it will definitely the symptoms of fever in a person. When the symptoms of fever are declared then output signal is sent to the stepper motor to dispense medicine for fever i.e. panadol. In the way, the cough detection system detects cough if a person has cough. This condition results in the slipping of cough serum from medicine box to the belt pulley mechanism of stepper motors. Belt rotates on the motors and pills or serums are placed on the belt to be dispensed out through the outlet into the tray. This machine use stepper motors for dispensing the medicine and a large storage medium for storing pills and capsule. The medicine vending machine  In future, this machine can be used to detect many major diseases by using facial expressions involves artificial intelligence. This can be used to detect the diseases through voice.

Project Objectives

Objectives:

• To provide medical facility for the people of rural areas
• To provide quick health monitoring
• To provide easy access to medicine
• To measure temperature accurately
• To measure heart rate precisely
• To detect cough accurately

Project Implementation Method

Health monitoring and medicine vending machine has very important role in providing quick access to the medicine and it aids in providing health monitoring in minor health problems like fever and cough. The components and material used in this machine are cost effective and easily available. The design is simple and unique. The basic components of this machine are, i.e. IR temperature sensor, pulse oximeter sensor, cough detection system, Microcontroller Arduino, stepper motors and LCD.

The temperature sensor, pulse oximeter sensor and cough detection system are used as the input parameters. These input parameters are interfaced with the Arduino UNO, where we have set the threshold value of temperature, heart rate and frequency of sound in the algorithm. The patient has to place finger on pulse oximeter sensor in order to find the heart rate of the patient and at the same time the temperature of the patient body is calculated using IR temperature sensor without touching the temperature sensor. If the patient has cough, the cough is detected by the cough detection system. The temperature reading and heart rate reading is displayed on the LCD screen. If the threshold value of any of the input parameter is crossed, then the Arduino will send signal to the stepper motor of respective medicine to be dispensed out. Here a disk system is connected with the stepper motor. The medicine is stored in the different cabinets, the disk with holes moved by the stepper motor, the medicine is dispensed out. The cup is placed below the outlet of medicine so that medicine drops in the cup. By using this mechanism, it is possible to drop particular medicine in required amount successfully. 

Benefits of the Project

Benefits:

• Easily accessed by the people in emergency without approaching any doctor
• Medical facility in the remote areas like long highways, railway stations, remote tribal and rural areas
• Reduce the human labor, power and energy
• Saves time
• 24/7 medical services are  available

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

Sr.No	Equipment’s Name	Device’s Name	Features	Used
1	Microcontroller	Arduino Uno	The operating voltage is 5V. The input voltage ranges from 6v to 20V. Digital input/output pins are 14. Analog i/p pins are 6. DC Current for each input/output pin is 40 mA. DC Current for 3.3V Pin is 50 mA. Flash Memory is 32 KB.	To control the parameters
2	Sensors	IR temperature sensor mlx90614	Operating Voltage: 3.6V to 5V (available in 3V and 5V versions) Supply Current: 1.5mA. Object Temperature Range: -70° C to 382.2°C. Ambient Temperature Range: -40° C to 125°C. Accuracy: 0.02°C. Field of View: 80° Distance between object and sensor: 2cm-5cm (approx.)	To measure the temperature
		Sp02, heart rate sensor max30102	Heart-Rate Monitor and Pulse Oximeter Biosensor in LED Reflective Solution. Tiny 5.6mm x 3.3mm x 1.55mm 14-Pin Optical Module. Ultra-Low Power Operation for Mobile Devices. Fast Data Output Capability. Robust Motion Artifact Resilience. -40°C to +85°C Operating Temperature Range.	To measure heart rate
		Microphone sound sensor KY-038	Sensor for sound detection, the module has two outputs: AO, analog output, real-time output voltage when the sound intensity reaches a certain threshold, the output high and low signal The threshold sensitivity can be adjusted via a potentiometer on the sensor.	To detect the cough
3	Motors	12v stepper motors Nema-17	Step Angle: 1.8° Step Angle Accuracy: 5% (full step, no load) Resistance Accuracy: 10% Inductance Accuracy: 20% Temperature Rise: 80°C Max. (rated current,2 phase on) Ambient Temperature: -20°C~+50°C.	To drop the medicine
4	Drivers	CNC shield v3 A5988 driver	The A4988 is a complete micro-stepping motor driver with a built-in translator for easy operation. It is designed to operate bipolar stepper motors in full-, half-, quarter-, eighth-, sixteenth-step modes, output drive capacity of up to 35 V and ±2 A.	To power the motors
5	LCD	I2C LCD 16*4	Compatible with Arduino/Genuine UNO, Leonardo, Mega, 101 (Intel Curie), Micro, Nano, Mini. I2C Address:0x20-0x27(0x20 default) Back it (Blue with white char color) Supply voltage: 5V. Interface: I2C/TWI x1, Gadgeteer interface x2. Adjustable contrast. Size: 80x36x20mmz(3.1x1.4x0.7in)	To show display

Sr.No

1

2

Sp02, heart rate sensor max30102

Microphone sound sensor KY-038

3

4

5

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry HealthOther Industries Medical Core Technology OthersOther Technologies Internet of Things (IoT)Sustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for PeopleRequired Resources

Elapsed time in (days or weeks or month or quarter) since start of the project	Milestone	Deliverable
Month 1	Project Discussion	Project Idea Presentation
Month 2	Literature Review	Progress Report
Month 3	Hardware Phase I	Testing of Sensors and technical details
Month 4	Software Phase I	Algorithm Formation and report
Month 5	Hardware Phase II	Testing of Arduino and stepper motors and technical details
Month 6	Software Phase II	Algorithm Formation and report
Month 7	Thesis	Thesis report
Month 8	Assembling and debugging	Final working model of project