IOT BASED SMART GRID SYSTEM WITH HYBRID POWER GENERATION

Project Title

IOT BASED SMART GRID SYSTEM WITH HYBRID POWER GENERATION

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

Normal electric grids are facing so many issues like blackouts, load shedding, and power failure. Every generator must produce electricity with proper frequency and voltages. The grid operators continuously monitor supply by continuously checking frequency and voltages, if these parameters do not match with required then it can end up damaging power plants. The producers respond in different ways to manage these parameters which can lead to a blackout. Our project is to design a smart system which constantly measures the grid parameters and notifies us in cost-effective manner. Our system also controls the grid, this system will solve the problem of blackout by managing the power smartly. We will design a complete hybrid system model with solar and wind power and that hybrid power will give to the loads, by the use of IOT this grid will be controlled smartly, the control will be done on consumer as well as generation side. This control will be done through the software’s and the parameters will show on the software as well as on SMS notification so that the control of grid can easily done. We will design multiple user interfaces; desktop app, mobile app where we can analyze the grid parameters and according to our requirements we can control the grid. For analyzing the parameters, we will use the THING SPEAK app and for controlling the grid we will design own APP for this project with MIT APP INVERTER.

Project Objectives

• Our project have three objectives that are
• Objective #1:  To design a hybrid system model using solar, wind energy and WAPDA.
• Objective #2: To make designed hybrid system grid model for the smart grid by using IoT, with the ESP32 web server.
• Objective  # 3: To manage the load using sensors and smart meters.

Project Implementation Method

Fig#1

• Hybrid system implementation will be done by using solar, wind, and WAPDA with a backup storage battery.
• IOT will be implemented by using THING SPEAK software which is supported by the ESP32 Wi-Fi module and its programming can be done through Arduino IDE software so that we can analyse, control, and manage the real-time response of the system.
• The sensors are placed at both generation and consumer sides therefore the control of the grid can be done easily through software.
• The results of these sensors will show in the software and it notify us of real-time readings of parameters.
• The switching of sources and loads will be done by using 4 channel relay switch. This switch is connected through esp32 and the switching is controlled through the MIT app.
• For the switching the app will be created for our project in MIT APP INVERTER to control the switching as per our requirement.
• At the final stage, a complete Hybrid system model will be designed. Which will control by IOT.

Benefits of the Project

• Old traditional electric grids are facing so many issues like blackouts, load shedding, and power failure because grid operators have to constantly monitor supply by continuously checking frequency, voltages, and other parameters. Every generator has to be perfectly synchronized, producing electricity with equal frequency, voltage, phase, and demand to make sure they’re equal and according to requirement, if there is an imbalance then it can end up damaging power plants. Utilities respond in various ways to avoid damage which can lead to a blackout.
• These issues can be solved by having a smart system that can sense small imbalances faster, making adjustments so problems don’t get larger.Our system will solve blackouts, load shedding, and power failure problems by keeping a real-time balance between energy generation and consumption that can avoid damage to power plants. Our smart grid system will sense the parameters of the grid and control it as per our requirements to save the energy system is cost effective and more efficient and secure. Our system will contribute to the energy sector in a way that energy will be saved and utilized properly and fewer chances of occurrence of disasters in power plants.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The final product is a complete grid model. It contains wind, solar, WAPDA, and backup storage. It measures the parameters, current, voltage, and temperature and displays it on THING SPEAK software and as well as on SMS notifications. This grid can be controlled as per our requirement through our APP, the control of sources (generation) and loads(consumers) can be done through the APP. The data of parameters taken from the grid then according to that the loads and sources will be controlled.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry Energy Other Industries Telecommunication Core Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other Technologies OthersSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean Energy, Decent Work and Economic Growth, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	37560
Solar 60 WATT	Equipment	1	6000	6000
Esp32	Equipment	2	700	1400
ESP32 TTGO-TCALL module	Equipment	1	5000	5000
Brushless DC motor	Equipment	1	3950	3950
DHT22 sensor	Equipment	4	780	3120
Wires and Jumpers	Equipment	100	10	1000
20x4 LCD	Equipment	1	780	780
4 channel relay	Equipment	2	330	660
2 channel relay	Equipment	2	190	380
ACS712 sensor	Equipment	2	260	520
Buck converter	Equipment	2	200	400
bulb	Equipment	2	250	500
holder	Equipment	4	40	160
Night bulb	Equipment	4	50	200
Tape	Equipment	1	40	40
Battery	Equipment	1	3600	3600
Inverter	Equipment	1	2000	2000
12 volt controller	Equipment	1	300	300
Boost converter	Equipment	2	200	400
Load wire	Equipment	1	150	150
Thesis printing, poster, report, assembly of hardware	Miscellaneous	1	7000	7000