IOT based Green house Monitoring and Control System
The demand of ?Agricultural crops? is also growing rapidly as the population is increasing. The production of crops is mainly affected due to plant diseases and climate changes. Our project name is ?IOT based Greenhouse Monitoring and Controlling? so that it can monitor and control the environmental
2025-06-28 16:33:30 - Adil Khan
IOT based Green house Monitoring and Control System
Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject SummaryThe demand of “Agricultural crops” is also growing rapidly as the population is increasing. The production of crops is mainly affected due to plant diseases and climate changes. Our project name is “IOT based Greenhouse Monitoring and Controlling” so that it can monitor and control the environmental parameters and plants can be protected from weather effects. The aim of our project is to build efficient and have better accuracy for real time field applications and it will also detect leaf disease such as (Virus, bacteria and Protozoa) which badly affects leafs at an early stage and in this project spinach crop will be monitored and controlled. In order to improve the crops production Green House monitoring and controlling will contribute better for Agricultural crops demand. A green house is a structure as a closed system to regulate climatic conditions. This structure is used for cultivation of plants, vegetables which require a particular level of sunlight, humidity temperature and moisture of soil. IOT based Greenhouse environment monitoring and controlling is designed to maintain these conditions in the greenhouse. The main motive behind this project is that previouslymost of the Green house systems were using manual methods for monitoring the different parameters of the crop which can cause discomfort to the farmers and it creates complexity and is time consuming and also due to plant diseases it minimizes the production of crops. In order to secure and maximize the yielding of crops our project is IOT based Greenhouse monitoring and controlling the plants and it will also detect Plant leaf diseases with the help of image processing techniques. Automation in greenhouse is a method where farmer is able to monitor and control greenhouse environment automatically from anywhere and anytime in the world. Moreover, Internet of Things is used to store data to a database and process the collected data and also it will send the information to the android apps which has been developed for monitoring and controlling of greenhouse by the use. The heart of our project is Raspberry pi which is used as controller which process and stores the data from different sensors. Various I/O devices and algorithms will be used to identify and classify infected greenhouse plant leaves. The system will be simple, portable and affordable to most greenhouse systems.
Project Objectives- There are five primary factors that affect plant growth: light, temperature, humidity, Ph and moisture. These five elements affect the plant's growth hormones, making the plant grow more quickly or more slowly. Changing any of them can improve the plant growth.
- To monitor the parameters which effect the growth of the plants like light, temperature, moisture, humidity and Ph.
- To control all of those parameters using different devices like cooling fan, exhaust fan, water pump artificial light etc. The environmental parameters including detecting disease with Raspberry Pi camera.
- To detect the diseases of the plant’s leaf using Pi camera and observing the behavior of whole Project in real time.
- To make it easy for farmers or greenhouse works to access the real time data and have maximum plant growth.
Our project is IOT based, for that we will be using different sensing devices to gather information about greenhouse such as leaf images temperature, humidity, soil moisture, light intensity and Ph. The sensors connect to SP8266 NODE MCU board will collect the data from all of the sensors and it to control unit, Raspberry Pi. It will make the decision by processing and comparing the data received with the conditions and threshold values set. The controller (Raspberry Pi) then will control the actuators accordingly like relay will be used to turn on and off the water pump when the soil is dry it will be turned on when it is not it will be turned off likewise temperature, humidity and light intensity are controlled by cooling fan, exhaust fan and artificial light. Further images inside the greenhouse are taken by Pi camera connected to raspberry Pi and further classification and identification process for diseases will be done. The values which are acquired from sensors and camera are then stored in ThingSpeak Cloud platform. On ThingSpeak Cloud we will be continuously uploading and monitoring real time data. Farmers or greenhouse workers can see proper data from cloud.
Pakistan’s economy depends on agriculture. Due to environmental changes such as rainfall, temperature etc the crop yield gets affected severely. The main benefits of our project is to grow maximum crop and it can be done by continuous monitoring and controlling of environmental parameters which effect the growth of the plant such as temperature, humidity, soil moisture, light intensity, soil pH and diseases detection as diseases also effect the growth of the plant so through image processing we will be detecting diseases and send alert which is necessary for a greenhouse system. It will give us continuous updates about the plants. Various diseases are caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, insects and nematodes on agricultural crop plants. These diseases leaf spot, dryness, colour change and defoliation occurs. Reduce the crop yield by 20 to 40percent annually worldwide. Therefore, the detection of the diseases of the plant is necessary for maximum growth of the plant. Development of automatic detection system using advanced computer technology such as image processing help to support the farmers in the identification of diseases at an early or initial stage.Also farmers can get to know about the needs of the plants regarding its soil moisture, humidity, temeprature, Ph and light intesity and according to its need they can control it , this is how we can also have maximum production from agricultural system.
Technical Details of Final DeliverableThis project is based on internet of things we will be using Raspberry pi 3B+ as a controller to control the actuator based on the input data gathered from the environment using various sensors and camera. Camera will capture image of the plant with a given period of the time. The camera will then send the images to Raspberry Pi via UART serial communication. Then Raspberry pi will send it to image-processing unit for monitoring plant health by identifying and classifying infected leaves using MATLAB.
- Moisture sensor (YL69): YL69 will detect the amount of the moisture content present in the soil and it will be controlled by water pump and water stored in a tank will be provided to soil as per soil’s requirements.
- Temperature and Humidity Sensor (DHT11): It will give the measured value of the temperature and humidity. The data gathered from it will be used by the controller to decide whether to actuate pumps to water crops through relays as per the requirement through comparing it with the soil moisture threshold. Further temperature will be controlled by cooling fan and humidity controlled by exhaust fan.
- LDR sensor module: LDR (light dependent resistor) to measure light intensity.
- PH Sensor: used to measure the PH of the soil.
- NODE MCU SP8266:SP8266 board will be used to collect data from sensors and automate the greenhouse with the Raspberry Pi.
With the help of inbuilt Wi-Fi module, the datas collected will be uploaded to the thingSpeak cloud platform. We will be able to visualized the data in real-time. Using ThingSpeak IOT platform we will be continuously uploading and monitoring real-time data which will be very useful for formers
Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry AgricultureOther Industries Food Core Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Decent Work and Economic Growth, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 33700 | |||
| Raspberry Pi 3 board | Equipment | 1 | 7000 | 7000 |
| Pi Camera | Equipment | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |
| Moisture sensor (YL69 | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Temperature & Humidity sensor (DHT11) | Equipment | 1 | 300 | 300 |
| LDR sensor module | Equipment | 1 | 200 | 200 |
| pH sensor | Equipment | 1 | 6500 | 6500 |
| NODE MCU SP8266 | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Cooling fan | Equipment | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| Exhaust fan | Equipment | 1 | 1700 | 1700 |
| Artificial Light | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Water Pump | Equipment | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Model,wires,cables,transistors,relays,resistors,diodes. | Equipment | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |
| Travelling and data from agricultural industry. | Miscellaneous | 1 | 6000 | 6000 |