IOT Based Drip Irrigation System

Project Title

IOT Based Drip Irrigation System

Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject Summary

Pakistan is an agricultural country as its major source of income is agriculture and almost 70 80% of general public depend on agriculture. Pakistan’s population is reached beyond 190 million and the population rate is increasing day by day then after 25-30 years there will be severe problem of food, so the development of agriculture is necessary. Today, the farmers are suffering from the lack of rains and scarcity of water. The main objective of this project is to provide an automatic irrigation system thereby saving time, money & power of the farmer. The traditional farm-land irrigation techniques require manual intervention. With the automated technology of irrigation, the human intervention can be minimized. Whenever there is a change in temperature and humidity of the surroundings these sensors sense the change in temperature and humidity and gives an interrupt signal to the micro-controller. The data set is processed to cloud by the controller using a GSM/Wi-Fi module. After computation, further action is taken like opening or closing of valve and turning motors On or Off.In Pakistan most of the irrigation systems are operated manually. These outmoded techniques are replaced with semi-automated and automated techniques. The available traditional techniques are like ditch irrigation, terraced irrigation, drip irrigation, sprinkler system. The global irrigation scenario is categorized by increased demand for higher agricultural productivity, deficient performance and decreased availability of water for agriculture. These problems can be appropriately rectified if we use automated system for irrigation.

Project Objectives

This project is from the motivation of the farmers working in the farmlands solely dependent on the rains and bore wells for irrigation of their land. In recent times, the farmers have been using irrigation technique through the manual control in which the farmers irrigate the land at regular intervals by turning the water-pump ON/OFF when required. Moreover, for the power indication they are glowing a single bulb between any one of phase and neutral, meanwhile when there is any phase deduction occurs in other phases, the farmer cannot know their supply is low. If they Switch ON any of the motor, there will be the sudden defuse in motor circuit. They may have to travel so far for SWITCHING ON/OFF the motor. They may be suffering from hot Sun, rain and night time too. After reaching their farm, they found that there is no power, so they quietly disappointed to it. For all these problems, this I.O.T based drip irrigation system can be a solution.Drip irrigation reduces much of human labour and at the same time minimise on water usage. Microcontroller in the system promises about increase in systems life by reducing the power consumption resulting in lower power consumption. The trained data set and predicted data are stored in Cloud server for farmer’s access via their mobile phone. This has resulted in complete automated irrigation system employing I.O.T Technologies where devices communicate among themselves in predicting the soil conditions for watering the field. This proves that the use of water can be diminished and hence water will not be wasted as compared to the present records. It reduces the human resources.

Objectives:

Our main objectives are to introduce an irrigation system which has following features:

• consumes less power
• cost efficient
• time saving
• accurate and precise

Project Implementation Method

Working of I.O.T based Drip Irrigation System:

• Our industrial sensor like temperature sensor, humidity sensor, soil moisture and light dependent sensor will get values from the field.
• This data set will be sent to microcontroller.
• Controller will process the data and it will be sent and stored in cloud memory using GSM module.
• This data set will be computed and after analysis of data, necessary action would be taken.
• This data can be monitored by using an application (android or web application)
• Finally, after receiving the data set, motors and valves will be controlled using motor driver(relay).

The trained data set sent to cloud will be retrieved and monitored by an android/webb application. There are two nodes initially to demonstrate our system.Our product is a core element in smart irrigation system. Best part is we only give amount water which is needed by plants which in result reduces amount of fertilizer sprayed on crops. we can reduce our time spent by farmer by almost 8%. We can give water to 1 acre in only 15 minutes. By drip irrigation we can water plants up to 15-12 acres in one night in case of emergency. Direct application of water in the soil where it soaks before evaporation and only applying water where needed are primarily features which make our product efficient and increases its value.                                                                                                                                          

Benefits of the Project

 This system aids in avoiding irrigation at the wrong time of day, reduce runoff from overwatering saturated soils, which will improve crop performance.  It is precise method for irrigation and a valuable tool for accurate soil moisture control in highly specialized greenhouse vegetable production. This automated drip system would save time, energy and resources. Farmers would be able to smear the right amount of water at the right time.Today everything is transforming from mechanization to cyber physical system. Automated irrigation will be very useful and drip irrigation will be very beneficial for dry lands and places where there is less rain in a year. Our project is also involving less human intervention and saves time as well as energy which could be used for further productive tasks. Automated irrigation system uses relay to turn motor ON and OFF. Motors can be automated easily by using controllers and no need of labor to turn motor ON and OFF.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

TOOLS(Hardware/Software) REQUIRED:

Several hardware and software tools are required in making of wireless nodes such as

1. Different Industrial sensors
2. Microcontroller
3. RF module
4. Switch Gear
5. Printed Circuit Board’s designer
6. Power Source (Solar Panel)
7. Programming languages and software
8. Microprocessor (if required)
9. LCD display (if required)

Development Cycle:

Given below is the development cycle of our project

Overview of Our Wireless Network:

Node Level System Demonstration:

Scope of Work:

• Research on microcontrollers and different sensors
• Research on GSM/Wi-Fi modules.
• Research on RF modules.
• Temperature analysis
• Soil Moisture level analysis
• Humidity level analysis

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemType of Industry Agriculture Technologies Internet of Things (IoT)Sustainable Development Goals Decent Work and Economic Growth, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	37747
Excal	Equipment	2	170	340
Wires	Miscellaneous	12	6	72
FTDI	Equipment	1	400	400
Nano Casle	Miscellaneous	1	60	60
Header Female	Miscellaneous	1	140	140
DHT22	Equipment	2	480	960
LED	Miscellaneous	10	10	100
LDR	Miscellaneous	1	50	50
Wires	Miscellaneous	30	5	150
USB to TTL FT232	Equipment	1	450	450
UT33D	Equipment	1	750	750
Component Box	Miscellaneous	1	300	300
Wires	Miscellaneous	25	4	100
USB Cable	Miscellaneous	1	90	90
Surilli GSM	Equipment	1	3500	3500
GSM Antenna	Equipment	1	250	250
Battery	Equipment	1	400	400
CC1101 RF Module	Equipment	2	890	1780
MQ2 Gas Sensor	Equipment	2	240	480
CC1101 RF Module	Equipment	1	670	670
Soil Mositure Sensor VH400-2M	Equipment	2	12000	24000
Arduino Nano	Equipment	2	400	800
Push switch	Miscellaneous	2	5	10
butter paper	Miscellaneous	1	20	20
PCB fibre	Equipment	1	550	550
Header	Miscellaneous	4	10	40
Wire	Miscellaneous	1	10	10
Battery(3.7v)	Equipment	1	400	400
2 pin connector	Miscellaneous	4	10	40
Base 40.pin	Miscellaneous	2	15	30
TP4056 charge controller	Equipment	1	120	120
Fuse holder	Miscellaneous	1	5	5
Sokunoide value	Miscellaneous	1	230	230
Volt+Amp met	Equipment	1	450	450