IoT Based Air Quality Index Monitoring System for Quetta City

Project Title

IoT Based Air Quality Index Monitoring System for Quetta City

Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject Summary

Air pollution is a source of many diseases worldwide hence requires great attention. In recent years hundreds of papers were published along with the proposed ideas as to how the quality of air can be monitored so that actions could be taken. IoT internet of things is the backbone of each project and has been widely used in different domains. Air quality monitoring system make use of IoT to provide better monitoring system for the people. In this project, we aim to build an IoT based air quality monitoring system that can detect harmful gases indoors as well as outdoors, can also be attached to the vehicles so that the users can get alerted. This project uses Arduino Pro Mini as an interface between the hardware and the software components along with the gas sensors for the detection of VOC, carbon dioxide, ozone and PM 2.5 the sensors used are ccs811, mq131, pms5003 respectively, a Bluetooth module HC 05, and Ds3231 real time clock. Through the blynk server, the data is sent to the users’ android applications alerting them of the ppm value of each pollutant. On the android application graphs, numerical values and colorized data can be seen.

Project Objectives

1. To interface each sensor with Arduino board and acquire the raw concentration of pollutants.
2. To evaluate Air Quality Index (AQI) through employing adequate technique.
3. To aware people of Quetta city about the pollutants by displaying AQI and individual pollutants level on LCD and  smart phones by connecting monitoring system with  IoT platform (Thingspeak).

Project Implementation Method

System design, implementation of hardware and operation of the AQI device is as following. Air quality system (device) model comprises of distinct gas and pollutant sensors. System model includes PMS7003, CCS-811, MQ-131 and MQ-7  sensor modules, which form the data collection block of device; these sensors read the concentration levels of harmful pollutants like PM 2.5, carbon dioxide, ozone, carbon monoxide, and environmental parameters as  temperature and humidity. Sensors are interfaced with Arduino-Uno board, the processing unit of system. Arduino read sensor values and convert these raw values into proper measurement unit of ppm through some coding.

After the calculation of individual ppm of gases, in next step AQI is evaluated. The pollutant or gas with high concentration in the air becomes a base for determining the AQI value. AQI value ranges from 0 to 500, which is further divided into blocks. As the AQI value rises from low to high, the health concern imposed by it gets mild to severe.

All the ppm’s and AQI are displayed on the LCD connected to the system and the health alert message corresponding to AQI is also shown for awareness of user, as many people don’t understand the risk factor associated with AQI number. The system also aims to provide the air quality information to user on their smart mobiles; therefore ESP8266 Wifi-module is included in system model. Wifi module is used to establish connection with the online server of Thingspeak.com to send real time air quality data. Thingspeak allows us to retrieve data using HTTP protocol and also allows data manipulation and visualization. Using API keys, these data are sent to the android mobile application, so that user can check air quality information on smart mobile. Bluetooth module is introduced in the system model to keep the nearby devices(smart mobiles) connected even when there is no internet connectivity and sdcard stores data in the time of unavailability of internet.

Benefits of the Project

1. Air quality index device helps in keeping people aware of quality of air they breathe.
2. User can plan their outdoor activity according to the suggestions made on basis of air quality.
3. User can see the air quality data on LCD as well as smart mobiles which provide the ease of observing air composition.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The final product is a Air quality monitoring device consisting of PM2.5, CO2, Ozone gas, temperature and humidity sensors to retrieve pollutants quantity. Device will have a touch display LCD to display pollutants data numbers and graphics. Wifi module is part of device design to make communication possible with smart mobiles so that the  Air quality data would be send to smart mobile.

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemCore Industry HealthOther Industries IT Core Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other Technologies Clean TechSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for People, Climate ActionRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	57450
Pms7003s(PM2.5 sensor)	Equipment	2	4500	9000
Css811(CO2 sensor)	Equipment	2	4000	8000
MQ131(ozone sensor)	Equipment	2	4000	8000
Arduino board	Equipment	2	1500	3000
breadboard	Equipment	3	500	1500
soldering iron	Equipment	1	2000	2000
ESP32 or ESP8266	Equipment	2	1500	3000
graphic display LCD	Equipment	1	2500	2500
jumper wires	Equipment	100	30	3000
soldering board	Equipment	3	350	1050
stationery	Miscellaneous	1	10000	10000
LM35	Equipment	2	400	800
DHT11	Equipment	2	300	600
others	Equipment	1	5000	5000