Intelligent Control of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and Photovoltaic (PV) in Low Voltage Distribution system

Energy is the vital factor for the development of every country and its demand for power generation increasing year and year. The main parts of energies such as fossil fuels are exhausting and increasing environmental problems and due to this, the power generation should enter in an evolution phase.

Project Title

Intelligent Control of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and Photovoltaic (PV) in Low Voltage Distribution system

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

Energy is the vital factor for the development of every country and its demand for power generation increasing year and year. The main parts of energies such as fossil fuels are exhausting and increasing environmental problems and due to this, the power generation should enter in an evolution phase.

In recent years, renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, wave, tidal powers are environmentally clean, therefore they are receiving very strong emphasis throughout the world. The renewable energy harvested by the solar photovoltaic (PV) system is the major source that is used today because it has the simplification of the installation and less mechanical support requirements. The major disadvantages of a PV system are relatively high manufacturing costs and low efficiency (about 9-18%). Since it is necessary to operate a PV system at the maximum power point MPP under varying environmental conditions. When a PV system works at this point, the highest possible efficiency is achieved. However, a dc-dc converter and their control algorithms are integrated with a PV panel or system to extract the maximum power continuously under any circumstance. Thus, current-voltage (I-V) and power-voltage (P-V) characteristics of a PV panel are affected by conditions of solar irradiance and ambient temperature. The voltage and current of a PV panel should be controlled to track the maximum power. Many MPPT techniques have been proposed and practiced in recent years.

Along with solar PV, the integration of BESS units with the grid network can reduce energy losses and enhance voltage profile. It is considered for enhanced reliability, sustainability, and efficiency. Integrating battery energy storage systems with intermittent renewable energy sources opens the door to inexpensive electricity continuously available to on-grid, off-grid, and hybrid systems. More recently, clean energy has gained popularity as an economically viable and eco-friendly alternative to fossil fuels.

Smart-grid concepts and novel deployment of distributed generations in the power system has revolutionized the use of distribution system. To achieve greater system efficiency and reliability, and to facilitate the integration of renewable resources, smart grids have been proposed. To reach this goal battery energy storage systems (BESS) have offered several benefits. The inherent characteristic of intermittency of PV generation systems (PVGSs) can be reduced by using BESS.

Project Objectives

• To simulate a model to enhance the overall efficiency of PV connected generation system.
• To illustrate technical overview of BESS, and present different modes of operation in grid connected solar PV generation and analyze the challenges of integrating solar PV to the electricity distribution network.

• To discuss reduction of energy losses and enhancement of voltage stability in distribution system by integration of solar PV and BESS. 

• To simulate the proposed methodology on IEEE-33 bus distribution system, using MATLAB Simulink software.

•  To reduce the Green House Gas (GHG) Emission that badly effect the environment.

• To utilize as much as renewable sources like solar, wind, tidal , waves etc

Project Implementation Method

In this project, computational software MATLAB is used to simulate the basic circuitry required to analyze the working of different components. 

A simple basic circuit has been designed to analyze the working of solar PV module. After then, maximum power point tracking has been designed along with battery energy storage system (BESS). After that, an inverter model has been designed to get converted the 12V DC into 220V AC supply to which a load is connected to analyze the circuit operation.

To carry out the proposed research, MATLAB Simulink software is used to find the results and analyze the different components. Solar PV model is simulated in first case, then buck and boost converters are analyzed. Battery is connected in a separate Simulink model to carry out the observation on PV based energy storage. Inverter is used further, to convert the DC output into AC and a load in connected in a separate model. IEEE-33 bus distribution system is analyzed through another MATLAB simulation.

Simulation

Benefits of the Project

In this project, by integrating PV distributed generation with the radial distribution network, the reduction of power losses and improvement of voltage profile, are studied and simulated through MATLAB Simulink software using IEEE-33 bus distribution network. Different network parameters like voltage fluctuation and power flow showed great impact due to integration of photovoltaic generation, voltage variations and reverse flow of power are also reduced. It also had significant impact over supply and demand balance, power quality maintenance, and saving of electricity. PV generation, due to its abundance and provision of clean pollution free energy, has been considered an alternate energy resource over the years, and has got tremendous attention of researchers and engineers throughout the world. However, certain factors remain constraints to its worldwide use, like geographic location, irradiation level etc., which emphasizes more research towards sizing and locating the distributed sources in the modern power system.

Further, this study investigates the impact of PV penetration in distribution system and along with placement of battery energy storage systems (BESS), to reduce the network losses. The proposed methodology has been tested and validated using the standard radial IEEE-33 distribution network, which shows significant reduction in system power losses and improvement of voltage stability. The results obtained using MATLAB simulations, showed the effectiveness of the proposed system of integration of PV and BESS into the radial distribution system. The potential of this research in future is that the integration of PV and BESS can be done using suitable and advanced optimization methods and the study conducted over the analysis of impact of DG integration has crucial role in contribution of renewable resources and emphasizes the field of renewable integration to be further researched.it reduced greenhouse gas emission  and it has low maintenance and operating cost.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

A simulation  model is tested using MATLAB, which consist of components as shown in the block diagram:

The simulation Is completed up to dc load, the remaining portion include the battery and the inverter to the system and after that the system on any bus  is tested on IEEE-33 bus distribution

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Energy

Other Industries

Core Technology

Clean Tech

Other Technologies

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy

Required Resources

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