Home Automation System Design And Implementation Based On 6LoWPAN

Project Title

Home Automation System Design And Implementation Based On 6LoWPAN

Project Area of Specialization Augmented and Virtual RealityProject Summary

Home automation systems are collections of smart devices that enable various functions within a house or building, such as light and plug control, energy monitoring, temperature metering, air conditioning and heating, etc. Usually, these devices are smart sensors, that are implemented with low power communication protocol like ZigBee and 6LoWPAN and only can be controlled from an Internet gateway. Nowadays, there are lots of home automation products on the market for customers. User can use application on smart phone to control the products they bought. The control command can go through a cloud-based server and be directed to the corresponding gateway, and finally reach to the sensor devices, which is referred to as ”cloud-based mode” system. However, this single mode is not efficient under some circumstances where the Internet is not enabled or allowed. In this thesis work, a hybrid system architecture is proposed, implemented and evaluated, which include both stand-only and cloud-based mode. It offers a quick connection when user’s smart phone and the sensor gateway are in the same private network. The proposed double mode system architecture fits user’s need and provides high reliability.

Project Objectives

In a smart home automation system, various of smart sensor devices are connected with different functionality for users. Ordinary customers can easily buy tons of different home automation system product on the market today. Users are able to control their devices from their smart phone or tablet, at or be away from home. The smart home market is growing rapidly with the entry of numbers of company like Honeywell, Nest, ABB, etc.

Project Implementation Method

For our two-mode system architecture home automation system implementation, we use 6LoWPAN devices from Watteco company. Two smart plugs and one CO2 detector are used in our implementation. All the devices are wireless and communicate using Radio Frequency (RF) at 868MHz (ISM band). The devices implement recent IETF networking 6LoWPAN standards for compressed IPv6 networking over low power networks (RFC4944, RFC6282, RFC 6775), IPv6 routing protocol for Low-Power and lossy network (RPL) for mesh networking (RFC6206, RFC6550).

The application layer of Watteco devices leverages the ZigBee Cluster Library (ZCL) format. Watteco provides a documents with the corresponding ZCL description, which allows us to code our program to control and communicate to the devices. More information of the application of the Wattaco devices can be found in their User Guide Besides the 6LoWPAN smart devices, a USB StickRF-BorderRouter is provided from Watteco. It can be plugged on a Linux host and creates the link between standard IPv6 applications and 6LoWPAN devices. It is also in a role to open the sensor network, which in turn to allow the new devices joining in.

There are three devices used in the home automation system two smart plug and a CO2 sensor.

Raspberry Pi

It is worthwhile to introduce the Raspberry Pi we used as the home gateway. The product we chose to use is the Model B of Raspberry Pi. It has 512 MB of RAM, two USB ports and a 100Mb Ethernet port. We use the Raspbian Image as the gateway operating system. Raspbian is a Linux operating system based on Debian distribution optimized for the Raspberry Pi.

Amazon EC2 Cloud Server

Our cloud server program is running on Amazon AWS EC2 platform. In order to save the cost, the type is t2.micro, which contains one virtual CPU, 1 GB memory and 8 GB on storage is chosen as the running server instance. The cloud server application is also written in python. It listens to the port 80 of its public IP, and 8080 as the port communicating to the home gateway. In this thesis work, only minimum work is done at the server part. When an HTTP request (GET, POST) is received at the cloud server, it forwards it to the home gateway on the port 8080. When it receives the reply from the home gateway, it will forward back to the original request.

Benefits of the Project

1. Managing all of your home devices from one place.:The convenience factor here is enormous. Being able to keep all of the technology in your home connected through one interface is a massive step forward for technology and home management. Theoretically, all you’ll have to do is learn how to use one app on your smartphone and tablet, and you’ll be able to tap into countless functions and devices throughout your home. This cuts way back on the learning curve for new users, makes it easier to access the functionality you truly want for your home.

2. Flexibility for new devices and appliances: Smart home systems tend to be wonderfully flexible when it comes to the accommodation of new devices and appliances and other technology. No matter how state-of-the-art your appliances seem today, there will be newer, more impressive models developed as time goes on. Beyond that, you’ll probably add to your suite of devices as you replace the older ones or discover new technology to accompany your indoor and outdoor spaces. Being able to integrate these newcomers seamlessly will make your job as a homeowner much easier, and allow you to keep upgrading to the latest lifestyle technology.

3. Maximizing home security: When you incorporate security and surveillance features in your smart home network, your home security can skyrocket. There are tons of options here -- only a few dozen of which are currently being explored. For example, home automation systems can connect motion detectors, surveillance cameras, automated door locks, and other tangible security measures throughout your home so you can activate them from one mobile device before heading to bed. You can also choose to receive security alerts on your various devices depending on the time of day an alert goes off, and monitor activities in real-time whether you’re in the house or halfway around the globe.

4. Remote control of home functions: Don’t underestimate the power of being able to control your home’s functions from a distance. On an exceptionally hot day, you can order your house to become cooler in just enough time before you get home from work. If you’re in a hurry to get dinner started but you’re still at the store, you can have your oven start to preheat while you’re still on your way home. You can even check to see if you left the lights on, who is at your front door, or make sure you turned off all your media while you’re away.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

We have presented our work to develop a reliable system that can control home automation devices over 6LoWPAN in this paper. Our proposed system enables home users to check the status of their home automation devices and control them

remotely using Home Wi-Fi and the Internet. In addition, the use of 6LoWPAN communication technology helps lower the expense of the system and the intrusiveness of the respective system installation. End -to-end paradigm communication also can be implemented. The detail comparison of our proposed solution with relevant features in wireless home automation .There are several issues that need to be considered when implementing 6LoWPAN for home automation, such as link layer coexistence, power management, network routing, and security. To consider these issues, we proposed the use of TI CC2530, a low energy consumption SoC solution for IEEE 802.15.4 applications combined with Contiki, an open -source OS for memory embedded systems. We also proposed the use of a home gateway that provides a smart RPL routing platform while connecting the home automation network, based on IEEE 802.15.4 and 6LoWPAN, with an existing IPv6 network, based on Ethernet and Wi-Fi. To secure the 6LoWPAN-based home automation system, anomaly-based intrusion detection has been implemented. We developed 6LoWPAN IDS with a novel approach to select important features by using two feature selection algorithms with filters. The feature set generated in the experiment has fewer features compared to the default feature sets. This was suggested in 6LoWPAN IDS that the required computational cost in processing network data can be reduced while preserving classification accuracy. We also construct a Bayesian network classifier as a technique to analyze data by utilizing a standard network intrusion dataset. In the experiment, K2 was selected as the search algorithm to build Learned BN, considering that it exhibited no difference in performance as compared to the Hill-climber search algorithm. Based on the result, we believe our approach to construct 6LoWPAN IDS answers the three main

problems in the implementation of IDS in 6LoWPAN. By combining cryptographic techniques, implicit authentication, and an intrusion detection system, we can provide a total security solution for 6LoWPAN-based wireless home automation.

Furthermore, we designed the 6LoWPAN home automation device with total energy independence by using a 3V, 70 mA small polycrystalline silicon solar cell as an energy harvesting technique. Given enough storage capacity and enough

ambient light, solar energy harvesting can power a 6LoWPAN home automation node for long periods of time without the need for replacing its batteries periodically.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry ITOther IndustriesCore Technology Augmented & Virtual RealityOther TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	79900
Raspberry Pi Controlled	Equipment	1	55500	55500
Thesis and publication	Miscellaneous	1	10000	10000
6LoWPAN Device	Equipment	1	3500	3500
Power module	Equipment	1	2500	2500
Sensor	Equipment	5	300	1500
ZigBee device	Equipment	1	4500	4500
Arduino RFID	Equipment	1	800	800
Smart plug	Equipment	2	800	1600