Hardware Implementation of GSM based Smart Energy Meter

Project Title

Hardware Implementation of GSM based Smart Energy Meter

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

For the last few decades, Pakistan has witnessed a sharp growth in the demand for electrical energy in the residential, industrial, commercial, and agriculture sectors. The distribution network is operated by several DESCOs throughout the country. The utility companies mainly employ the manual metering system for billing purposes with many metering and billing staff. The aim of the project is to design and implement a smart energy meter for automatic recording of meter readings and communicate the information with utility companies and customers without any time delay and tempering risks. This system reduces the labor cost but also increases meter reading accuracy and saves a huge amount of time.

Project Objectives

The project aims the following objectives

1. Measuring energy consumption
2. Communication via GSM with a utility company and customer
3. Information/ Data recording of parameter values like power, energy, and date/time
4. Energy consumption over a specific period
5. Automatic detailed billing to consumers
6. Maintenance of data storage over a specific period 

Project Implementation Method

The above diagram elaborates the implementation model as it explains when the source and load are connected to the energy meter, the CT and PT measure current and voltage respectively. After measuring they send values to the microcontroller, (which in our case is Arduino) which after some calculations shows Parameters (like voltage, current, power, energy, and power factor) on L.C.D. G.S.M is used for communication and transmission of parameters. 

Benefits of the Project

The project focuses to ensure the following benefits

1. Accurate billing without any estimations
2. Timely billing without any environmental & manpower constraints
3. Soft recording and management of energy utilization by a consumer for a better budgeting
4. In the future, a possibility for the addition of more advanced features
5. A paperless environment means a green environment.
6. Less crowd in utility office saves time and human resource

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The preliminary design is tested through simulation. After several tests and verifications, a prototype is implemented. The meter initially aims to be used for a single-phase metering of domestic and commercial loads at 220V, max. 5 A, 50 Hz. The specifications of the components are given as follows.

• Microcontroller Arduino UNO

Operating voltage                5V

Digital I/0 pins                    40

Analog input pins                 16

Flash memory                     256 kB

EEPROM                             4 KB

Clock Speed                        16 MHz

• Current Sensor

Model                             SCT013-60

Type                              Non-invasive Split Core

Input current ratings       0-5A

Output mode                  Voltage

Output ratings                0-1V

• Real-Time Clock (R.T.C)

Model                DS1307

Frequency          32KHz

Oscillation          Type TCXO

Interface            I2C

• SD Card Module

Working Voltage            5V

Interface                      SPI

Compatibility                Micro SD

Size                              20x28mm

• L.C.D

16x2 LCD

16 total pins

Data pins (D0-D7)

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry Energy Other IndustriesCore Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other Technologies Clean TechSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for People, Affordable and Clean Energy, Decent Work and Economic Growth, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	63000
Arduino	Equipment	2	2000	4000
L.C.D	Equipment	1	1500	1500
XOR IC	Equipment	2	350	700
Current Transformer	Equipment	1	1060	1060
Potential Transformer	Equipment	1	2040	2040
2K Resistor	Equipment	4	50	200
Diodes	Equipment	4	100	400
Variable Resistor	Equipment	1	200	200
Battery	Equipment	1	1100	1100
Heat Sinkers	Equipment	1	500	500
G.S.M	Equipment	1	15000	15000
Read Switch	Equipment	1	500	500
Capacitor	Equipment	2	100	200
D.M.M	Equipment	1	8000	8000
Meter Casing	Equipment	1	2500	2500
P.C.B Charges	Equipment	1	5500	5500
Jumper Cables	Equipment	3	200	600
L.C.D Driver	Equipment	1	1000	1000
Relays	Equipment	3	1000	3000
SD card module	Equipment	1	1000	1000
SD Card	Equipment	1	800	800
Soldering Iron	Equipment	1	2700	2700
R.T.C	Equipment	1	500	500
Stationary	Miscellaneous	1	2000	2000
Transportation Charges	Miscellaneous	1	6000	6000
Printing Charges	Miscellaneous	1	2000	2000