GSM based monitoring of Distribution Transformer

Electricity is delivered from generation plants to consumers through a specific network. The distribution Transformer is a primary connection with the primary distribution line 11kv. As we know the same transformer is a step-down transformer so its secondary is directly distributed to the consumers

Project Title

GSM based monitoring of Distribution Transformer

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

Electricity is delivered from generation plants to consumers through a specific network. The distribution Transformer is a primary connection with the primary distribution line 11kv. As we know the same transformer is a step-down transformer so its secondary is directly distributed to the consumers with 415v. It provides the last voltage transformation in a distribution grid.
Failure of distribution transformer results in interruption of power supply to consumers. It affects the reliability of power supply to consumers and affects the nation's economy in the form of loss of revenue, materials, repairing charges, etc. Along with other causes, the main cause of failure of distribution transformers is prolonged overloading. 
In the distribution transformer, we want to amend according to fault occurrence and information. we will use the CTs on the secondary side of the distribution transformer (DT) to check the transformer’s ongoing load and the presence of DT output with 
Overload 
Phase Failure 
Phase Sequence  
Power Factor
Reactive Power
Active Power
We collect all the information by using equipment’s in addition we can use the power analyzer after the collection of information, the system will send the same information through mobile messages to nominated personnel/officials.
Secondly, most of the important that if one phase of the DT secondary side is missed system will assume the same as the failure in the transformer. Maybe there is a fault in the primary side of the Distribution Transformer or maybe there is a fault in the Feeder that the Grid-in panel has been disconnected. So, we can use the Auto Re-Closer at the primary side of the Distribution Transformer it will also generate the message to the concerned body.

Project Objectives

Monitoring of different parameters i.e. Over Voltage, Under Voltage, Over Current, Phase Failure, Power Factor. Allow the remote operation for timely notifications. To Minimizing the Revenue of power department. To design an embedded and programmed system. 

Project Implementation Method

Distribution transformers are one of the most important and prominent pieces of equipment in the energy network as there are a large number of transformers Distributed over a wide area in power systems. This research work aims to control, monitor, and run the time solution of the distribution transformer using a GSM modem and microcontroller. It is used to analyze the different Parameters like, over/under voltage,  Over current/ Overload measuring the current level using the current transformer for each phase and over and under-voltage levels respectively. If all the values lie within the range defined, the system will act as normal, Otherwise, if values of current and voltage are not in prescribed limit it will execute further and sensed by sensor and signals through Arduino to GSM system, further it will send the message of the relevant error to concerned person. By which we can easily get information about the failure and government can earn without electric supply shutdown subject to the condition of the minimum shortfall. In addition by using a relay, we can disconnect the distribution transformer supply if one of the above-mentioned errors is sensed by a sensor. It will reconnect or reclose automatically. If all the values lies within the range of defined, all the system will act as normal, Otherwise if values of current and voltage are not within the prescribed limit it will execute further and sensed by sensor and signals through Arduino to the GSM system, further it will send the message of the relevant error to concerned person. By which we can easily get information about the failure and government can earn without electric supply shutdown subject to the condition of a minimum shortfall. In addition by using a relay, we can disconnect the distribution transformer supply if one of the above-mentioned errors is sensed by the sensor. It will reconnect or reclose automatically

Benefits of the Project

To use the above-mentioned techniques we can take different types of advantages:
Reliability of power supply to the consumer
Well before time access the site
No need to shut down the complete feeder
The consumer is not bound to inform the concerned about the failure of supply in the relevant area
If the D-Fuse burnt we can easily judge through the same either the D-Fuse burn, 11kv live or there is a fault DT Winding.
Time-saving Module
Pre-Planning Module
We can save the Assets of the Government
To make possible the supply of power to the consumer

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The following methodology will be used in the completion of our project Analysis:-
In the starting phase of this project we need the following data:
Study and Analysis of Distribution System.
Present Condition of Protection of Distribution Transformers.
A study of different faults that occurred in the Distribution Transformer
Developing logic for phase detection and selection of Microcontroller
Flow Charts:-
After the analysis of the above-described points, flow charts were to be designed. Flow charts were to be designed and verified from the engineering projects.
 Writing code and simulating circuits in the simulator:-
After developing flow charts, codes and circuit were to be designed according to the flow chart. It is noted that while writing code care must be taken to break the code into small modules in order to make code simpler and easy to understand.
Hardware Implementation:-
After the implementation of the circuit in the simulator, we implement the circuit on hardware. For this purpose, PCB was to be designed and then hardware was implemented. 
Testing and Troubleshooting:-
Finally the design was tested in order to check the proper working of project and troubleshooting was to be done. The design was altered to get accuracy and enhancement in future.

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

Energy

Other Industries

Core Technology

Internet of Things (IoT)

Other Technologies

Sustainable Development Goals

Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Responsible Consumption and Production

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com