Fabrication of Refrigeration system using (L.P.G) Liquified Petrolium Gas as a Refrigerant.

Supply of continuous electricity is still not available in the several areas of the country and in the world. At such places, this work will be helpful for refrigeration of food medicine, etc. The LPG (compressed petroleum gas) is cheaper and possesses an environmental friendly nature with no ozone

Project Title

Fabrication of Refrigeration system using (L.P.G) Liquified Petrolium Gas as a Refrigerant.

Project Area of Specialization

Mechanical Engineering

Project Summary

Supply of continuous electricity is still not available in the several areas of the country and in the world. At such places, this work will be helpful for refrigeration of food medicine, etc. The LPG (compressed petroleum gas) is cheaper and possesses an environmental friendly nature with no ozone depletion potential and no global warming potential. It is used for cooking purposes.
         The refrigerator being used here is designed to work on LPG. The refrigerator will work efficiently when LPG used as a refrigerant instead of R134a. usually LPG is used as a fuel for cooking in home, restaurant, hotels etc. and the combustion products of LPG are CO2 and H2O.
In this project we will analyze a refrigerator using LPG as refrigerant. LPG is available in cylinders at high pressure. When this high LPG is passed through capillary tube of small internal diameter, the pressure of LPG occurs in an isenthalpic or isentropic process. Due to phase change from liquid to gas, latent heat is gained by the liquid refrigerant and the temperature drops. In this way LPG can produce refrigerating effect for a confined space.

Project Objectives

The objectives of this project are as follow
Analyse different research papers on different refrigerants used in refrigerators for refrigeration.
Make a solid study on LPG (liquid petroleum gas) used as a refrigerant for refrigeration.
Compare the important characteristics between LPG refrigeration system and traditional refrigeration system.
To distinguish between the current existing refrigerator cost and estimated cost of LPG refrigerator.
The performance of existing refrigerant and LPG refrigerator is to be compared.

Project Implementation Method

LPG is kept in the cylinder at a pressure of 12.5 bar. The pressure regulator ensures that LPG is released at low and constant pressure. From the LPG cylinder, the LPG goes to the pressure pipe through the pressure regulator. The pressure pipe is able to withstand a maximum pressure of 100 MPa. Through the pressure pipe, LPG passes through the capillary tube where the pressure is reduced due to the small inner diameter of the capillary tube. A decrease in LPG pressure results in a decrease in LPG temperature. From the capillary tube, low pressure and low temperature LPG is supplied to the fever. 
The evaporator box is made of hardboard. Hardboards have been selected for use because of their low cost and ease of shaping and manipulation. Hardboard vapor insulation will also be helpful as it has a low temperature transmission of 0.17 W / m-K. The hardboard is shown in gray in [fig. 2]. The populator box is insulated using polystyrene foam. Polystyrene foam has been chosen because it has a low thermal conductivity of 0.3 W / m-K, as reported by the American Society for Testing and Materials [21]. The thickness of polystyrene foam used is 20 mm. Polystyrene foam [shown in white in fig. 2]. In a heater, LPG absorbs heat and maintains the temperature of the heater below the ambient temperature. The LPG refrigeration system is configured as shown in the diagram. 2] Below.

Figure 4.2 Setup of the refrigeration system

From the steamer, LPG is transferred to a gas burner (stove) where the heat energy is generated. It is attached. The heat output can be used for processes such as cooking. Sugumar et al (2015) [22] reported that a decrease in the diameter of the capillary tube increases the decrease in refrigerated pressure. Ensures that a small capillary can be used and still the required pressure drop can be provided as the pressure drop is directly proportional to the length of the capillary tube and indirectly proportional to the inner diameter of the capillary tube As [23] Darcy Wellsbach has considered the equation below.

Benefits of the Project

• Use of LPG as a refrigerant also improves the overall efficiency of by 10 to 20 %.
• The ozone depletion potential (ODP) of LPG is 0 and global warming potential (GWP) is 8 which is significantly negligible as compare to another refrigerant.
• A part from environment friendly, use of LPG also gives us lot of cost advantages.
• There is 60% reduction in weight of the system due to higher density of LPG.
• This fridge works when electricity is off.
• The parts are effectively silent in operation.
• Running cost is zero.
• Eliminates the compressor and condenser

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

LPG Cylinder

LPG is a liquefied petroleum gas. This is a general description of propane (C3H8) and butane (C4H10), which are either stored separately or combined. This is because these gases can be applied to liquefy at normal pressure by increasing the moderate pressure at a normal temperature or by using refrigeration. LPG is used as a fuel for domestic, drying industrial energy, LPG is horticultural, agricultural, any other cooking, heating fuel or LPG process. In addition, it can be used as an automotive specialist propellant for aerosols.
 Evaporator 

Vapors are another important part of the refrigeration system. It is through steam that the cooling effect of the refrigeration system is created. It occurs in the vapor when the refrigeration system has a real cooling effect. For many people, vapor is a major part of the refrigeration system, consider the other part less useful. Vapors are heat exchange surfaces that transfer heat from matter to cool in a refrigerator. Different shapes, sizes and types of refrigerators are classified according to their feeding method, vapor construction, direction of air circulation around the vapor, application and refrigeration control. ? Evaporators in domestic refrigerators have been commonly known as freezers since ice.
Made in these parts. It absorbs heat from the refrigerated substance which has to be cooled so that the refrigerator heats up while the substance cools down. Even after cooling the substance, the temperature of the refrigerator is lower than that of the substance except for the vapor. In large refrigeration plants, vapor is used to cool water. In such cases shell and tube type heat exchanger is used as vapor.
Capillary Tube

Capillary tube is a commonly used throttling device in domestic refrigeration. As you know, when water flows through a drain, the pressure of the fluid drops. The same principle applies to the capillary tube.
A capillary tube is made of copper with a slightly bore diameter. When connected to the liquid line, it reduces the pressure of the liquid refrigerator from the pressure of the condenser to the pressure of the vapor. When the vapor pressure is low, the length of the capillary tube is longer. A capillary tube is a simple device that does not have a moving part. However, its small bore makes it necessary to apply filters and dryers before the capillary tube to prevent suffocation.

Pressure gauge.

Pressure gauge is used to recoed the difference of pressure of fluid and external pressure.

High pressure Gauge.

When gas transfer is required at high pressure, a range of high pipes is used.It consist of steel pipe in which stell circles Are fixed at both terminals.

Accumolatore 

Copper acceleromters are used for storage of liquid/gas sepration, impure fieltring and refrigrated cushions.

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Manufacturing

Other Industries

Core Technology

Clean Tech

Other Technologies

Sustainable Development Goals

Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Required Resources

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