Environment and feeding control of poultry farm

Project Title

Environment and feeding control of poultry farm

Project Area of Specialization Artificial IntelligenceProject Summary

The main purpose of this project is used to reduce the manual work and control it by automatic work process. In controlled-environment house the inside conditions are maintained as near as possible to the bird's optimum requirements. In controlling systems, the user can adjust entirely to bird’s optimum requirements with the use of sensors and controller. We make it automatic so that no need to worry about the feed, water, light, humidity, temperature. Due to automation, wastage of time will be avoided. The feed to gain ratio is enhanced with precise nutrient feeding program. It will provide optimum output with decreasing the human efforts and also human errors. The system also provides remote access to farmer. Hence farmer is able to monitor these section using his mobile. The project promotes a flexible, inexpensive and business version which is able to perform best for tiny to medium size operations. 

Project Objectives

• Automatic Climate Control
• Automatic Efficient Feeding System
• Automatic Light Control
• Monitoring of all factors via IOT 

Project Implementation Method

The complete automatic solution to chicken feed and watering do not require any manual interruption. The set of automatic chicken feed system for chicken breeds consists of feed tank, feed Silos, traveling Hooper and feed discharge. The interlinking between the components and micro controller. The chicken breed’s tank outside the shed transport the feed into feed silos, and then the conveying device will transport the feed to the traveling hopper according to the set time. When the last traveling hopper will filled with feed, the conveying device will stop automatically. We will keep water pressure low when chicks are young so that water will flow easily from the nipple when it gets activated by the lightest touch. As birds get larger and stronger, gradually increase pressure so that more water is released when the nipple is activated. Improper pressure may prevent birds from getting adequate water or may cause wet litter under the drinkers.Evaporate cooling pads, combination of fans, can achieve the desired results. During cold weather, when chickens are too small or young to give off enough heat to keep the poultry house warm, supplemental heat needs to be provided to maintain the desired in-house temperature. To provide the ideal thermal environment for the birds heating systems to maintain the supplemental heating rates within the birds we use hygrometer or brooders.  

Pad and fan system: Exhaust fans in the house draw incoming air through a wet pad where the evaporation of moisture from the pad reduces. The heart of the cooling system is the pad where cooling is achieved through a natural vaporization process. The cooling pad is manufactured of fluted cellulose sheets that are glued together. A special water distribution pad spreads water over the surface of the material, ensuring a uniform supply of water to the pad wall to keep the entire air contact surface thoroughly wetted. Fans installed on the opposite wall create a zone of negative pressure inside the building, causing air to be sucked in through the pad.

Measuring and controlling humidity:-Humidity is controlled by the intense heating or cooling of house air in response to the temperature outside the house. When outside temperatures are low, relative humidity in the house is low, which often results in dry dust circulating in the air within the house. If the relative humidity is too high, this may result in wet litter. The ideal relative humidity for poultry is 60-80%.Light:-To provide warm environment to birds, many incandescent bulbs are used. As per feedback from temperature sensors, the controller controls switching of heat. 

Benefits of the Project

The temperature can be brought down by 32°C to 38°C in controlled environment farm as compared to the conventional farm and makes environment more comfortable for birds. In conventional farming the broiler production in summer is almost stopped and only four flocks could be taken whereas in controlled environment farming 6-7 flocks could be raised. Being controlled environment the incidence of diseases could be minimized and cut down the cost of vaccine and medication of Rs. 2-3 per bird as compared to conventional farming. Mortality can be decreased to 2 to 3 percent in controlled environment farm as compared to 10 percent in conventional farm. In controlled environment farm only one person at daytime and one at night time are sufficient to look after a flock of 35,000 birds. Whereas conventional farm nearly 6-8 persons are required to manage such a flock. In controlled environment farm a broiler flock is ready for market in 37 daysas compared to 45 days in conventional farm. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) can be improved by 1.8% in controlled environment farm. 

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

1- Sensors are used to detect the object, Binary input from the sensor is sent to Microcontroller.

2- The connection between Micro-controller (Ardiuno Mega 2560) is developed with other components such as sensors, dc motors, motor drivers, ac motors and a relay in order to control the system.

3- Micro-controller will control both hot weather and cold weather. If temperature is between 30 to 38 degree centigrade that is ok but if temperature greater than 38 then it will turn on exhaust, cooling pads, and ventilators. If temperature fall below 30 then it will turn on heater to maintain temperature.

4- At night there is no support of sun heat so we have to maintain extra temperature so microcontroller will turn on light.

5- Micro-controller turns the motor on if the average of weight sensors detect the level below 30% feed in pans and after refilling the pans motor will turn off.

6- Micro-controller will turn on the motor if water level is low so that we can provide continuous water supply.

7- Micro-controller will turn on the exhaust fans if humidity is more than 65.

8- All the data transfer to our mobile or web using ESP8266.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemType of Industry Agriculture , Food Technologies Artificial Intelligence(AI), Internet of Things (IoT)Sustainable Development Goals Quality Education, Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	60845
House design	Equipment	1	19865	19865
Hardware components	Equipment	1	18660	18660
AC motors	Equipment	2	2750	5500
Relays	Equipment	2	230	460
DC Fans	Equipment	2	800	1600
Copper wire	Equipment	1	170	170
Ardiuno Mega 2560	Equipment	1	1050	1050
L298 Motor driver	Equipment	2	200	400
DHT22	Equipment	1	400	400
DHT11	Equipment	1	170	170
ESP8266	Equipment	1	250	250
weight sensors	Equipment	3	130	390
water pump	Equipment	2	350	700
jumper wires	Equipment	5	80	400
16*2 LCD with converter	Equipment	1	320	320
Breadboard	Equipment	2	130	260
Servo motors	Equipment	2	425	850
Petrol	Miscellaneous	40	100	4000
Printing	Miscellaneous	300	10	3000
Wage	Miscellaneous	2	1200	2400