Energy Meter Monitoring And Theft Detection Based on IOT

In today?s era the usage of electricity is increasing too much. Possibly, we can say that without electricity it?s become pretty difficult to survive in this time. It is also becoming responsibility of electricity service provider to provide electricity to its each consumer. First, they provide elec

2025-06-28 16:32:25 - Adil Khan

Project Title

Energy Meter Monitoring And Theft Detection Based on IOT

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

In today’s era the usage of electricity is increasing too much. Possibly, we can say that without electricity it’s become pretty difficult to survive in this time. It is also becoming responsibility of electricity service provider to provide electricity to its each consumer. First, they provide electricity connection with energy meter from which they measure amount of energy the consumer is utilizing. The service provider takes charges of consuming of energy from each consumer by sending meter readers in each house school hospital or any organization to collect the reading of energy meters which allocate at each consumer area. Through these reading the service provider send bills to consumers. That raises expenditure of service provider also takes a lot of time to collect the whole data. Consumer unable get knowledge of at what amount of energy he is consuming daily basis or monthly until he will not receive the bill. Another issue is energy theft even service provider cannot find out that who one else is stealing energy & from which energy meter.  For all solution we proposed system called “smart energy meter”. With this consumer   can get information of energy consumption on daily basis and monthly wise through SMS. Also, this data will available for consumer on website. More importantly when energy theft tries to attach illegal connection to your meter than system send SMS to you & your service provider. 

Electricity provider do a lot of effort to collect energy meter reading of each consumer. They have 
hired thousands of employees who job is only to take energy meter reading & they are using 
sufficient amount budget on them. Many times, error like extra bill amount, or notification electric 
board even though the bill is paid are common errors. Also, Energy theft are destroying the utilities 
of electric system in revenue in each year.it is quite difficult for  energy provider to check and solve 
out theft by going area by area. So, the remedy for all these issue of electricity provider & 
consumers is smart energy meter with internet of thing. This system will eliminate third party role 
between electricity provider & consumers. Along with  this energy theft issue is also being resolved 
by making consumer & provider connection secure by current and voltage sensors
 
 

Project Objectives Project Implementation Method

The hardware implementation of this projected system consists of microcontroller, Energy Meter 
with optocoupler for connecting with processor, appliances connected through relays to micro 
controller. To communicate with server, we need Wi-Fi/ GPRS. The energy consumption is being 
calculated using the energy optocoupler IC and microcontroller. 
 As we can see on a working meter that one LED continuously blinks, it is nothing but indicates 
the count of power. So, when LED blinks, the units are counted. Normally, 3200 blinks are one 
unit. The LED whenever blinks it produces only 0.7v which is not suitable for microcontroller to 
capture, so to remove this error we are using optocoupler. Protecting From energy theft Three 
transformer are connected to load from may supply through microcontroller. The microcontroller 
checks the reading from one potential & two current transformers. The microcontroller measures 
current between two CT, supply voltage variation from the utility to protect the customer 
equipment.  
 

Benefits of the Project

There are many benefits of this Smart Energy meter based on IOT like 

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

 MICROCONTROLLER  to detect 
and control the energy meter from power theft and solve it by remotely disconnect and reconnecting 
the service (line) of a particular consumer. An SMS will be sent automatically to the utility central 
server through GSM module whenever unauthorized activities detected and a separate message 
will send back to the microcontroller in order to disconnect the unauthorized supply. A unique 
method is implemented by interspersed the GSM feature into smart meters with Solid state relay 
to deal with the non-technical losses, billing difficulties, and voltage fluctuation complication

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry SecurityOther Industries Energy , Legal , Others Core Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other Technologies OthersSustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for People, Affordable and Clean Energy, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources
Item Name Type No. of Units Per Unit Cost (in Rs) Total (in Rs)
Total in (Rs) 20830
Optocoupler Equipment5100500
Relay Equipment81801440
GSM Equipment2485970
GPRS Equipment35601680
Microcontroller Equipment49003600
Wi-fi module Equipment3300900
Energy Meter Miscellaneous 120002000
LCD 16x2 Equipment25601120
Driver optocoupler Equipment42601040
Switching Devices Equipment201002000
Max232 Equipment3150450
Transfomers CT Equipment3300900
power supply Equipment2100200
Resistors Equipment2015300
Capacitors Equipment20501000
diodes Equipment1050500
transistors Equipment1075750
bulb Equipment2100200
9v LED Equipment51050
12v Dc power supply Equipment1350350
breadboard Equipment2350700
555 timer IC Equipment360180

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