Early Disease prediction using vital parameters and activity monitoring
Pakistan being a developing country lags in medicinal and clinical advancement, due to lack of resources and high population growth rate. According to a survey more than 100 million people out of 200 million do not have access to basic primary healthcare services, and approximately 42% fail to recei
2025-06-28 16:26:55 - Adil Khan
Early Disease prediction using vital parameters and activity monitoring
Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject SummaryPakistan being a developing country lags in medicinal and clinical advancement, due to lack of resources and high population growth rate. According to a survey more than 100 million people out of 200 million do not have access to basic primary healthcare services, and approximately 42% fail to receive health coverage. Many out of these 42% get diagnosis when they are in last stage of the disease and cannot be cured, and millions die of chronic diseases without diagnosis.
In daily routine, people working in offices and homes, teens studying in colleges are normally deviating from the healthy lifestyle by their work schedule. Especially, senior citizens resting in their homes practice unhealthy, diet, sleep, and no exercise. In most of the case, it has been witnessed that the long term and fatal diseases are caused by disorder in vital parameters, that are, blood pressure, temperature, Oxygen saturation level, pulse rate. Sometimes the causes are identified as poor physical activity, random sleep, no walk, more lying or sitting.
People are unaware of the risks of diseases towards they are going, following such routines can cause psychological and physical disorders. When they start complaining about the symptoms, and visit the doctor, they are advised to go through different basic medical tests and in different time interval. Based on these tests, a record is prepared, and the disease is diagnosed. Then the patients are prescribed with medicines and health care or any other medical facilitation, based on the recorded data. The process is sometimes too time consuming and can lead the patient to more damage. Considering the worst-case scenario, the disease may enter in last or uncurable stages, and sometimes death.
We are proposing a system that will be able to read the basic vitals and monitor activities with the help of various sensors and will predict the disease based on the data from the sensors. Early disease prediction will help both the patient as doctor. Secondly, it will maintain the record of basic parameters and activities, that can only be used by the doctors for treatment of patient. The system will be saving the time of doctors and the diagnosis will not take much time as well, early diagnosis will help cure the patient from the diagnosed disease in early stages.
Project ObjectivesWe will design a wearable device that would detect/predict any disease one could be a victim of in future by reading the vital signs and monitoring their activity, by interfacing the sensors for the purposes listed below.
1. The system will be capable of taking following basic vital parameters:
- Pulse rate
- Blood pressure
- Body temperature
- Oxygen level SpO2
2. Following activities will be monitored:
- Lying
- Sleeping
- Sitting
- Standing
- Physical activities (Walking, Running, etc.)
3. The system will be keeping the record of all these basic vital parameters on specific platform.
4. The system will predict the potential diseases based on these vital parameters according to the data base provided by different health organizations.
Project Implementation MethodThe graphical representation describes the working of the system, vital parameters (Blood Pressure, Oxygen Saturation Level, Heart pulsating rate, Body temperature), and Activity (walking, sitting, lying, standing, sleeping) are being monitored along with the surroundings temperature.
All the data will be collected and processed on a (cloud) platform and necessary instructions will then be displayed on the guardians and patients’ graphical interface.
Figure 1:Overall Graphical Representation of System
As the flow explains in Figure 2, different sensors, that are temperature sensors to measure body temperature and surroundings temperature, Pulse Oximeter to measure SpO2, Heart Rate sensor to measure heartbeat, and Blood pressure measuring system will be interfaced with the decision-making device. Along with mentioned vital parameters, activities of the patient wearing band will be monitored whether the wearer is, asleep, lying, standing, siting, or walking, using the Accelerometer.
All of the mentioned parameters will be measured by sensors, and then processed by the microcontroller. The data processed will be stored somewhere on internet. We will be accessing World Health Organizations databases, the data from microcontroller and WHOs database will be processed via defined technique. Based on the results of the mentioned process, a prediction will be made regarding the diseases, the person wearing the device could possibly be a victim of, in future
| Figure 2: Block Diagram |
Necessary data will be displayed to the patient on the device, with recommendations /warnings depending on the scale or strength of the predicted disease. The device can also be linked to the wearer’s guardian or doctor as well. The data will be stored on a platform, and if need to visit the doctor occurs, the stored data can only be collected by doctor for treatment purposes.
Figure 2: Block Diagram
Benefits of the Project1. A low cost wearable device.
2. IoT based Real time data monitoring and storing
3. Prediction of potential diseases
4. The device is specially designed for the areas situated far from hospitals.
Technical Details of Final DeliverableOur system will obtain vitals and monitor activity, the collected data will be processed and predict the diseases, the wearing person might be a victim of in future. Warnings will be displayed in case there is something serious, and the data stored will only be accessible by doctors. End product will comprise of,
- A wearable device able to monitor health of the person wearing.
- Prediction of any potential diseases one might have in future using prediction algorithms (such as Machine Learning).
- A database to store/access real time data of a person over the network.
| Elapsed time in (days or weeks or month or quarter) since start of the project | Milestone | Deliverable |
|---|---|---|
| Month 1 | Literature Review | Hardware |
| Month 2 | 1. Literature Review 2. Database | software |
| Month 3 | Heart Pulse Rate, SpO2, Body Temperature | Hardware and software |
| Month 4 | Activity Monitoring | Hardware and software |
| Month 5 | Blood pressure | Hardware |
| Month 6 | Disease Prediction Algorithms | Software |
| Month 7 | Disease Prediction Algorithms | Software |
| Month 8 | Final Integration of Hardware and software | Hardware and software |