Driver Drowsiness Detection System With Awakening Assistance Device

Drowsiness is the state of strong desire of sleep. Drivers driving on long routes often feel drowsy, which is one of the main factors in many of the road accidents. Drowsiness can be detected by monitoring changes in different biological signals such as ECG, EEG, EOG signals. In this device, EOG sig

Project Title

Driver Drowsiness Detection System With Awakening Assistance Device

Project Area of Specialization

Wearables and Implantable

Project Summary

Drowsiness is the state of strong desire of sleep. Drivers driving on long routes often feel drowsy, which is one of the main factors in many of the road accidents. Drowsiness can be detected by monitoring changes in different biological signals such as ECG, EEG, EOG signals. In this device, EOG signals will be taken from the body through electrodes placed around the eyes, the signal taken is amplified and if drowsiness is detected through EOG signals, a device will wake up the driver by alarming or by talking with the driver. The detection of the EOG signal of drowsiness is by using Arduino. The EOG signal is given to arduino which will detect the EOG signal if there is normal EOG signal te awakening device will not be activated and if there is EOG signal of drowsiness arduino will detect it and activates the awakening device. In addition to this a peltier will be placed to control the yawning of the person. According to thermoregulatory theory of yawning the yawns function is to cool the brain in part due to counter-current heat exchange with the deep inhalation of ambient air. The gaping of the mouth and the cool air taken into the lungs during a yawn by deep inhalation through convection can alter the temperature of the blood in the brain. During yawning the facial muscles constrict and relax this increases facial blood flow and these changes alter cerebral blood flow. Increased cortical metabolic activity associated with the loads or prolonged sleep deprivation processed by higher information also produces increase in brain temperature and cause yawning and trigger compensatory yawning. Yawning is under the control of many neurotransmitter and neuro peptides such as Dopamine is released by the hypothalamus. The process of yawning is necessary for brain cooling mechanism in order to avoid this problem a device will design that work as a thermoregulatory without having a yawn. In order to avoid yawning cooling the carotid artery can be used. Carotid artery will be thermally stimulated through peltier will be placed across the neck. This will control the yawning of the person which will eventually control the drowsiness to some extent because yawing increases the drowsiness. Peltier has not been used in any awakening device like this, which makes this device different from previously made devices.  The data is transfer in arduino board by programming in labview software, it convert data from digital to analog. Arduino will power the mosfet circuit through which peltier is operated. Temperature sensor senses and transmits data to arduino which convert this data from analog to digital and shows in labview software. This device will not only help in awakening the drivers but also the nurses working in the hospitals during night shifts who have to monitor patients continuously or the people working in night shifts.

Project Objectives

• The aim of this project is to design a device that will detect the drowsiness of the person through EOG and alarm the person to wake him up when he is driving on long routes and can also be used by other people like doctors and nurses.
• A peltier will also be placed on the neck to cool down the carotid artery which will will control the yawing of the person.
• This device will help in decreasing the number of accidents that occur on daily basis due to drowsiness or sleeping of the driver and peltier will be placed to control the yawning of the person.
• This device will be inexpensive and accurate and will help not only drivers but also the nurses, doctors, and the people working in night shifts.

Project Implementation Method

Firstly, an EOG is designed on the PCB board by using OPAMPS and instrumentation amplifier to pick the signals of the eye by using surface electrodes placed around the eyes. The signal taken is converted into digital form by using arduino. If the drowsiness is detected through EOG signal the awakening device will be activated to wake up the person either by alarming or talking to the person. The switching of awakening device will be controlled by arduino programming through software, due to this awakening device the driver will wake up when he is drowsy.

Along with this CT scan of the neck will be taken to get the exact location of the carotid artery and peltier will be placed on the neck to monitor the temperature of carotid artery and will cool down the artery when it is over heated to control the yawning which will control the drowsiness of the person. The normal body temperature is 37 C due to stress condition and sleep deprivation, metabolic activities of brain increases which increase brain temperature about 0.11 C. As the temperature increases from 37C the temperature sensor will sense that temperature this data will be received by audino and then ardino will activate the peltier. The temperature sensing will also be controlled by programming through arduino. The change in EOG due to peltier cooling mechanism will also be monitored. This device will not only wake up the driver but will also control yawning of the person which makes it different from previously made devices.

Benefits of the Project

• This device will decrease the number of accidents especially on the highways by keeping the drive awake and active.
• Will also help the people working at night to stay awake and active especially the medical staff at hospitals.
• Cooling of brain (through peltier) is a cure to different brain disorders such as heat stroke, heat stress, high blood pressure.
• Another advantage of the designed device is that, it is compact and portable so that a person can carry everywhere. It is compact so it is smaller and uses little space and is very convenient and also portable that easily carried or moved

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

• Detailed literature review of the previously made devices is done to take notes from those researches and devices.
• EOG is designed on the PCB board by using operational amplifiers, instrumentation amplifiers, resistances and capacitors which are soldered on the PCB board.
• The signal from eye is taken from the surface electrodes which is amplified and filtered and given to aduino which will detect the signal through software coding and converts it into digital form.
• An awakening device is placed which will be activated by arduino and will wake up the person who is drowsy.
• When brain is heated due less sleep or hardworking yawning occurs to cool the brain down. To control yawning a peltier is placed on the neck from where carotid artery travels to the brain, the peltier will cool down the blood flowing from the carotid artery to the brain which will cool down the brain and eventually control the yawning. This is also controlled by the arduino, temperature sensor will be placed to sense the change in temperature and adrduino will control the activation and deactivation of the peltier.
• Results will be analyzed and compared and a project report will be fored at the end of the project along with the device.

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Type of Industry

Medical , Transportation , Health

Technologies

Wearables and Implantables

Sustainable Development Goals

Good Health and Well-Being for People

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com