Design and Implementation of Wireless Ad hoc Network for Disaster Management

Project Title

Design and Implementation of Wireless Ad hoc Network for Disaster Management

Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject Summary

Recently, all over the world, natural disaster made many destructions and took many valuable lives. When disaster occurs, it is very difficult to rescue the victims as well survivals. Often after the earthquake and floods, the traditional communication is destroyed due to destruction of communication infrastructure. To overcome this problem, Ad hoc network have been envisioned as an appealing approach to be applied in disaster scenarios. This project proposes Arduino based Ad hoc system that is easily deployed by the rescue teams in disaster areas. The proposed system sends victim’s locations information retrieved using GPS system to rescue server via wireless relays that are deployed at equal intervals between the victim and the rescue server.  The server sends back acknowledgment message to the victim upon reception of victim’s message and finds location of victim using GPS coordinates to mobilize the rescue workers to provide necessary treatment to the victim.

Project Objectives

The objective of the project is to design and implement multi-hop wireless ad hoc network that can be easily deployed in disaster situations. When disaster occurs, it becomes very critical to rescue survivals as soon as possible and guarantee the safety of rescuers. Therefore, the aim of the project is to design a system that can rescue the victims in less time and to reduce the mortality rate as low as possible. Additionally, the objective of the project is to cover maximum infected area via Ad hoc communication of wireless relays that is only possible due to proper and efficient working of the intermediate relays as they play a vital role for forwarding the victim request towards the server. To accomplish these objectives, the proposed system will use GPS to acquire coordinates of the victim. The client module will send request to server by sending acquired GPS coordinates via multi-hop ad hoc network. The server sends back the acknowledgment to the client module and also informs the rescue team about the location of victim. 

Project Implementation Method

The project contains three main modules. The first module, called the client module, is carried by rescue team members and receives GPS position information and transmits it towards the server. The second module called the relay module is placed at multiple locations between the client and server module to relay request and acknowledgment messages between these two modules. The third module called the server module is installed at some fixed position closer to the disaster area to receive request messages forwarded by relay modules.

The client module initially scans the available relay modules and selects among the list of available relays a single relay module that is closest to the sever by applying a  novel algorithm that would be used in this project. When the rescue team member sites any casualties, the client module contains a button that is pressed to generate a request message. The request message contains ID of client module and GPS coordinates. The request message would be received by the relay module for further processing.

The relay module continuously listens for the arrival of messages. If it is request message, the message is forwarded towards the server by selecting another relay that is closest to the server by applying a novel algorithm. However, if it is an acknowledgment message, the message is forwarded back to the client module. The relay module dynamically selects a closest relay to the server by applying novel algorithm which tremendously reduces the delivery of request message sent by client module.

The Server module continuously listens for the arrival of messages. If a message is arrived, it immediately sends back an acknowledgment toward the client module and also alerts the rescue team to take necessary actions.

Benefits of the Project

The proposed system will enable the rescue workers to communicate with victims during disaster situations in no time.

The lives of many victims could be rescued with the help of proposed system as it would enable the rescue teams to respond in the emergency situation in minimum possible time.

This system could be used any where for any purpose where communication infrastructure is destroyed.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The project contains three main modules. The first module, called the client module, is carried by rescue team members and receives GPS position information and transmits it towards the server. The client module consist of ardiuno, wifi module, GPS module, LCD and push button.

The second module called the relay module is placed at multiple locations between the client and server module to relay request and acknowledgment messages between these two modules. It consists of arduino, wifi and LCD.

The third module called the server module is installed at some fixed position closer to the disaster area to receive request messages forwarded by relay modules. It consists of arduino, WiFi,  a Smart Screen and buzzer to alert the rescue team.

Final Deliverable of the Project Hardware SystemType of Industry Telecommunication Technologies Internet of Things (IoT)Sustainable Development Goals Sustainable Cities and Communities, Climate ActionRequired Resources

Elapsed time in (days or weeks or month or quarter) since start of the project	Milestone	Deliverable
Month 1	Literature review	Basic Knowledge
Month 2	interfacing arduino with WIFI	partial completion of client model and server model
Month 3	interfacing GPS with arduino	partial completion of client model and server model
Month 4	Interfacing GPS with arduino and WIFI	completion of client model and server model
Month 5	sending message from Client to server using single relay	Multi hop communication testing
Month 6	sending message from Client to server using multiple relays	Desired Multi hop communication
Month 7	sending acknowledgment back to client	Ack based multi hop communication
Month 8	Testing and Debugging	Fully functional desired multi hop communication system
Month 9	Thesis writing	Completed thesis