Design and Implementation of User Friendly Motor Controller

It has been stated that 25% of the world?s electricity is consumed by motors. And there is a big problem associated with these motors that is, large starting inrush current. As the motor starts a large current is drawn by the motor which is of no use until the motor reaches it synchronous speed. Thi

Project Title

Design and Implementation of User Friendly Motor Controller

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

It has been stated that 25% of the world’s electricity is consumed by motors. And there is a big problem associated with these motors that is, large starting inrush current. As the motor starts a large current is drawn by the motor which is of no use until the motor reaches it synchronous speed. This high current not only produces heat but also reduces the lifetime of electrical equipment and power consumption also increased. Thus there is a need to reduce this current somehow or the other. This current can be reduced by making use of motor controller. Motor controller circuit is used to control the speed and torque of motors thus it is also known as an adjustable speed drive or variable speed drive. A load of BLDC/AC Motor is not constant. It can vary as per the load requirement. So, speed must change as per increasing or decreasing the load. There are so many other techniques used to reduce the current of motor like soft starters. But the benefits of controller circuits are more than soft starters. Like it provides energy to electrical appliances according to demand, it enhances the lifetime of the equipment. BLDC Motor control using Micro-controller which controls Inverter. Hall Effect Sensor provides feedback to the micro-controller which controls the speed and torque of the motor.

Project Objectives

The aim of the project is to design an apparatus capable of controlling the speed (RPM) of a BLDC motor by varying the frequency. The updated speed in RPM and frequency will also be displayed on an LCD.

Project Implementation Method

Simulation

Hardware

Testing

Improvement

Benefits of the Project

Nowadays Inverters are being widely used in EVs, Air Conditioners, and VFDs to save energy.

Air Conditioner :

The Inverter technology (DC) is the latest evolution of technology concerning the electro motors of the compressors. An Inverter is used to control the speed of the compressor motor, to continuously regulate the temperature. The DC Inverter units have a variable-frequency drive that comprises an adjustable electrical inverter to control the speed of the electric motor, which means the compressor and the cooling/heating output. The drive converts the incoming AC to DC and then through a modulation in an electrical inverter produces a current of a desired frequency. A microcontroller can sample each ambient air temperature and adjust accordingly the speed of the compressor. The inverter air conditioning units have increased efficiency in contraction to traditional air conditioners, extended life of their parts, and the sharp fluctuations in the load are eliminated.

VFD :

We can control the speed of AC Induction motors using VFD as we know the speed of the motor and frequency of the AC signal is directly proportional to the speed of the motor as follows

N= f*120/P                    

N = Speed of motor (RPM)

F = Electrical Frequency of motor

P = No of poles of the motor

Variable frequency drive comprises three portions. These areas follow.

1. AC to DC Converter
2. DC Bus
3. Inverter (DC to AC converter)

EVs :

 EVs are the future of transport they are cost-effective and cause no pollution hence no adverse effects on the atmosphere. Modern EV involves IPMSRMs(Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Reluctance Machine) whose operation of working and control mechanism is the same as BLDCs control.  

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The goal is to manufacture, model, plan and control a motor controlling apparatus. The written code will be uploaded to the dsPIC33FJ32MC202 micro-controller. The frequency and RPMs of the motor will vary according to the written code.

Final Deliverable of the Project

HW/SW integrated system

Core Industry

Manufacturing

Other Industries

Energy , Manufacturing , Security

Core Technology

Internet of Things (IoT)

Other Technologies

Clean Tech

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy, Decent Work and Economic Growth, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

Required Resources

If you need this project, please contact me on contact@adikhanofficial.com