Design and Implementation of FPGA Based Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV)
A self-driving car, also known as an autonomous vehicle (AV), driverless car is a vehicle that is capable of sensing its environment and moving safely with little or no human input. Self-driving cars combine a variety of sensors to perceive their surroundings, such
2025-06-28 16:26:24 - Adil Khan
Design and Implementation of FPGA Based Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV)
Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject SummaryA self-driving car, also known as an autonomous vehicle (AV), driverless car is a vehicle that is capable of sensing its environment and moving safely with little or no human input. Self-driving cars combine a variety of sensors to perceive their surroundings, such as radar, lidar, sonar, GPS, odometry and inertial measurement units. Advanced control systems interpret sensory information to identify appropriate navigation paths, as well as obstacles and relevant signage.
In this project, at first, we will gather the data through the camera and then apply image processing on it which will turn the video into frames and fed into the machine learning algorithm, which in result will extract the lane and trafiich light from the data. the obstacle on the path will also be detected from the ultrasonic sensors. all the output will then be send into the descision making algorithm, which allows the vechicle to follow the lane and also make descisions according to the detected traffic light and detection of obstacle. As all the processing will be done on FPGA, thus which will result in an efficient and reliable output.
Project ObjectivesObjectives defined for this project are listed below:
- To build an algorithm for detecting lane, Objects and Traffic lights accurately.
- To build an FPGA based Hardware/ Software system for the efficient and real time implementation of proposed algorithm.
- To build and test an autonomous vehicle containing different sensors and FPGA based processor.
Our aim is to design a cost effective & efficient real time autonomous vehicle that will be used for unmanned driving and many other applications.
Project Implementation MethodA robotic car will be implemented which will be capable of fully automated obstacle detection as well as comprises of traffic light signal detection and also use lane detection and performs its functions with great accuracy without the need of any human interaction. The autonomous car will include traffic light identification using image processing, lane detection, and obstacle detecting sensors which will ensure its proper working and efficient results.
By the end of this project, we will be successfully able to develop a prototype of an autonomous car which will help in generating a more advanced type of technology for the future generations.
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There are many benefits of this project. Some of which are as follows:
- Safety is an overarching concern. Annually, many thousands of individuals die in road accidents. Hypothetically, self-driving cars could minimize that percentage because computers could prove less vulnerable to error than humans, but cybersecurity is still a biggest concern.
- The Self driving car is one of the most emerging fields, but still there is not much work has been done in this field in pakistan. Hopefully, this project will contribute in the development of this field in pakistan.
- Equity is another significant factor. Self-driving technology could serve to mobilize people who, such as the elderly or disabled, are unable to drive themselves.
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Environmental impacts are significant concern and a major uncertainty. Self-driving cars that are readily accessible, economical and comfortable could increase the total number of miles driven per year. As the self driving cars that are being made, are electrified which could decrease the transport emmision, perhaps substantially.
In terms of hardware, the final product will be composed of a high-resolution camera, a FPGA, ultrasonic sensors, aluminum car prototype chassis with motors. The camera will capture the video, which will be divided into frames. The features of the lane detection and traffic light detection will be extracted and given to the classifier for detection. The car will follow the detected lane and act according to the detected traffic light. The ultrasonic sensor is attached to the car for the object detection purpose and act accordingly.
In term of software, the deliverable will be the Matlab code, FPGA program, the dataset which was gathered and all the simulations.
The final deliverable will be a fully automated vehicle with the desired progam.
Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry TransportationOther Industries Education , Manufacturing Core Technology Artificial Intelligence(AI)Other TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 77500 | |||
| FPGA Kit | Equipment | 1 | 35000 | 35000 |
| Camera | Equipment | 1 | 20000 | 20000 |
| Vehicle Chassis | Equipment | 1 | 4500 | 4500 |
| Ultrasonic sensor | Equipment | 4 | 300 | 1200 |
| Motor (12volt DC) | Equipment | 2 | 2000 | 4000 |
| Motor Driver | Equipment | 1 | 300 | 300 |
| Battery | Equipment | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |
| panaflex printing for Street model | Miscellaneous | 1 | 3000 | 3000 |
| traffic lights and barriers for the street model | Miscellaneous | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| thesis and other documentation | Miscellaneous | 1 | 3500 | 3500 |
| PCB Fabrication | Equipment | 2 | 500 | 1000 |