Design and Development of Hybrid Microgrid using Solar and Wind based Distributed Generation

Solar and Wind are most abundant and, also, long lasting renewable energy sources on earth, so, harnessing these two sources can be beneficial in moving towards clean energy. The traditional electricity infrastructure has been aged and causing lots of losses, their replacement needs huge amount of m

Project Title

Design and Development of Hybrid Microgrid using Solar and Wind based Distributed Generation

Project Area of Specialization

Electrical/Electronic Engineering

Project Summary

Solar and Wind are most abundant and, also, long lasting renewable energy sources on earth, so, harnessing these two sources can be beneficial in moving towards clean energy. The traditional electricity infrastructure has been aged and causing lots of losses, their replacement needs huge amount of money, on the other hand, the day by day decreasing expenses of deploying the renewable energy sources, makes them a better alternate for the promising future. So, this project is aimed at harnessing solar and wind based clean energy. Both the sources are intermittent, so combining their effects make them more reliable and resilient. The aim is to design a hybrid microgrid using distributed generation consisting of solar PV arrays and wind turbines generators. A hybrid microgrid provides two separate buses to be connected to ac and dc loads separately, such that avoiding the AC-DC-DC and DC-AC-DC conversions.

Project Objectives

Using AC and DC microgrids separately, increases the need of converters/inverters when a dc load is to be connected to AC grid or AC load is to be connected to DC grid. Hybrid Microgrid or an AC-DC microgrid avoids those conversions by utilizing two separate AC and DC buses. PV-wind combination increases the reliability of power source, at night, in the absence of daylight, wind energy can be utilized on both buses, in case of DC bus, a rectifier is used. In absence of wind in daytime, solar energy feeds both buses. In absence of both the power sources, a storage system is placed, to provide the energy to both ac and dc loads.

Project Implementation Method

The major portion of Pakistan’s energy demand is being filled through fossil fuels, and, the imported oil and gas. Due to this, we have very expensive electricity being produced. Also, the huge transmission and distribution losses are major contributors in ever rising energy prices and the circular debt, which is now accounted for trillions of rupees. As the global trend is focused on more renewable energy, Pakistan, also should maximize its efforts towards deploying different methods to encourage the use of clean energy in the country. Also, the rural areas of country still have no access to electricity, and, connecting them to national grid can put extra burden on our aged and inefficient transmission system. This project is aimed to developing such an independent system using renewable sources for sustainable production of clean energy.

Benefits of the Project

The world is now focusing on more decentralized renewable energy resources to meet the power demands rather than the traditional centralized interconnected grid system. Global Warming and Climate Change are major drivers in this direction, because many harmful impacts are already catastrophizing every corner of the world. So many leading researchers and scientists are putting their efforts in resolving these issues and finding methods to avoid further damage in future. The harmful emissions from the power generating plants contribute to green house gases and global warming, continuing with conventional energy sources can pose threats and can cause severity of weather conditions. Climate scientists have concluded the average global temperature which is currently 2?C as threshold between safe and dangerous limits. The burning of fossil fuels needs to be reduced from current levels to 20% by 2050. Alternatively, the renewable energy is now our future, and more efforts should be made to deploy as much as renewable energy in our power generating capacity as possible.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The hybrid microgrid is designed to interconnect different distributed generation sources to meet the demand of connected load. If the load is DC, it directly connects to the dc output from the grid without inverting to AC, otherwise, an inverter is placed for connected AC loads. The solar and wind energy is controlled through a charge controller, using MPPT or PWM technique to get stable power to the loads.

Final Deliverable of the Project

Hardware System

Core Industry

Energy

Other Industries

Manufacturing , Transportation

Core Technology

Clean Tech

Other Technologies

Others

Sustainable Development Goals

Affordable and Clean Energy, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Climate Action

Required Resources

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