Demand Side Management under ToU to Reduce Electricity Bills and Load Shedding

Project Title

Demand Side Management under ToU to Reduce Electricity Bills and Load Shedding

Project Area of Specialization Internet of ThingsProject Summary

Our project goal is to develop a Smart Home Energy Management System through the advantage of Time of Use(ToU) pricing provided by electric utility companies, consumers have the ability to adjust their energy usage in order to reduce their electricity bill. 

This will be achieved by reducing the usage of electricity during the time of the day when the electricity has a higher price than average price. This fluctuation in price is due to the demand of power that the grid experiences. Through a combination of lowering the power usage during these demand load peak times while
increasing the usage during the lower ends of the demand load.

Project Objectives

1. To develop a home appliances scheduling algorithm which is based on Evoltionary Algorithm(Genetic Algorithm) to optimize the elctrcity cost with different customer input based constraints.
2. Embedding the designed algorithm on the prcosseor (Raspberry Pi), so that the algorithm satandalone runs on the system and able to install it easily in any house.
3. To develop the zigbee network for the appliances for the wireless switching.

Project Implementation Method

1. There will be a load controller (Processor-Raspberry Pi Board) on which our algorithm is running, the algorithm runs everyday and produces the schedule of 24 hours on the basis of this schdule the Main Controller switches home appliances each hour to on off them.
2.  For each appliances there will a load controller connected to that appliance so that it recieves signal from main controller and perform the action of switching the appliance.

Benefits of the Project

1. This normalization of this demand curve result in making renewable energy source more viabledue to the fact that renewable resources are not always a stable source of power. For example, if the demand of power is matched with the time at which solar power/ wind power is most available then renewable energy can be become more widely used and this reduces the load shedding.
2. The theft of power will reduce.
3. The overall price of electricity will be reduced.
4. On the utility side by reducing high peaks, it protects grid from the risk of outages.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

1. The Evolutionary Alogorithm based algorithm that schedules the home appliances in 24 Hours with respect to the pricing mechanism (Real Time Pricing) which is provided by the utility company in advance.
2. The designed algorithm will provide the user Graphical User Interface so that the user can determine the priority of applicances in the specific hour and the user can also set the minimum and maximum power usage limit so, our algorithm based on these inputs will schedule the appliances.
3.  Hardware to be delivered, is basically the zigbee network that is comprises of a Gateway (Raspberry Pi) on which our algorithm is running  and it is connected to a zigbee SoC this gateway will communicate with the Load Controller and appliances that is connected to it.
4. The gateway is connected to the internet and can communicate with the Appliances with the help of Load Controller.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemType of Industry Energy Technologies Internet of Things (IoT)Sustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean Energy, Sustainable Cities and Communities, Responsible Consumption and ProductionRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	12570
Raspberry Pi	Equipment	1	3000	3000
Zigbee SoC(cc2530)	Equipment	7	900	6300
Smarf RF04EB	Equipment	1	600	600
Jumper Wires (40) Bunch	Miscellaneous	2	180	360
Wooden Board	Miscellaneous	1	400	400
Motors	Equipment	2	250	500
Bulbs tungsten Filament	Equipment	3	30	90
Fluorescent lamp	Equipment	1	120	120
AC Wires	Miscellaneous	1	100	100
DC Wire	Miscellaneous	1	200	200
Relay Module	Equipment	6	150	900