DEMAND RESPONSE FOR UTILTIY AND CONSUMER VIA SMART MINI GRID

Project Title

DEMAND RESPONSE FOR UTILTIY AND CONSUMER VIA SMART MINI GRID

Project Area of Specialization Electrical/Electronic EngineeringProject Summary

Traditional electricity grids had almost no storage capabilities, are demand-driven, and have a hierarchical structure. In an electricity network voltage is gradually lowered so the electricity can be used by these different consumers from transmission voltage levels to distribution voltage levels to service voltage levels (in reality it’s both gearing up and down and thus a bit more complex). Smart mini-grids can serve a wide range of customers. These include private households, commercial businesses such as shops, ice makers and mobile phone chargers, agricultural loads such as irrigation pumping and cold storage, productive loads such as grind mills and wood or metal working shops, and semi-industrials such as telecom towers, processing plants or flower farms and other small industries. Smart mini-grids can be developed or operated by state utilities, private companies, communities, non-governmental organizations, or a mix of different players such as public-private partnerships. The generation and distribution assets may be developed and managed by different players, both public and private. The smart mini-grids can run on diesel generators, renewables (solar PV, hydro, wind, etc.). A smart grid serves several purposes and the movement from traditional electric grids to smart grids is driven by multiple factors, including deregulation of energy market, evolutions in metering, changes on the level of electricity production, decentralization (distributed energy), the advent of the involved ‘prosumer’, changing regulations, the rise of microgeneration and (isolated) microgrids, renewable energy mandates with more energy sources and new points where and purposes for which electricity is needed (e.g. electrical vehicle charging points).An electric grid is a network to deliver electricity from the producer(s) and places where it is generated and transformed (power plants and substations) to the final destinations where electricity is ‘consumed’: households, businesses, various facilities and the consumers in general. In practice it is a highly interconnected network with several components such as substations, transmission lines and wiring, distribution lines, transformers and more.

Project Objectives

Smart grid is one of the features of smart city model. It is energy consumption monitoring and management system. Smart grids are based on communication between the provider and consumer. One of the main issues with today’s outdated grid deal with efficiency. The Smart Grid (SG), the intelligent power grid, could be seen as the largest instantiation of the IOT network in the next future. The whole power grid chain, from power plant generation to the final electricity consumers (houses, building, factories, public lightning, electric vehicles, smart appliances, etc.), including transmission and distribution power networks, will be filled with intelligence and two-way communication capabilities to monitor and control the power grid anywhere, at a fine granularity and a high accuracy. The aim of our project is to design a Demand Response for Utility and Consumer Via Smart Mini Grid. As the internet of things (IoT) has recently emerged as enabling technology for the smart gird, smart health, smart transportation, and smart environment as well as for smart cities. The major smart grid devices are smart home appliances, distributed renewable energy resources and power substations as the smart grid evolved, many attempts started to introduce the IoT as enabling technology to the grid. Each device in the grid can be considered as an object. This project proposes a conceptual model for the smart grid within the internet of things context.

Project Implementation Method

The project will be implemented using two eco-friendly sources namely photovoltaic and wind and one major conventional power source that is generator. The project will be having one smart micro grid which will monitor all the sources along with the utility and consumer need and will provide energy to its utility and consumer according to their need. This project includes the IoT based technology which will be major plus point to it because the use of IoT will help this smart mini grid to be monitored and controlled remotely. The IoT will be having a cloud-based dashboard which can be accessed using a computer and a mobile phone anywhere. The IoT dashboard will have the features of switching, controlling and monitoring the faults and the need of the utility and consumer.

Benefits of the Project

As the industries need supply for their production so they get electricity from utility by paying high bills and often face outages due to low generation from utility side which causes the industry loss in their economy and production but on the other hand if they get electricity from the smart mini grid, they will get low cost uninterrupted supply for their industry. Utility companies can also get the electricity from smart mini grid as the shortage of electricity in their generation occurs. Not only this but it will help them to also provide uninterrupted supply to their users and in this way they can overcome the load shedding.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

The final project/product will be having hardware, software/final deliverable as mentioned below;

1. Smart Mini Grid.

2. Generator (Conventional Power Source)

3. Photovoltaic Panel.

4. Wind turbine.

5. IoT based Dashboard.

6. Smart WIFI System Connectivity.

7. Voltage sensing.

8. Current sensing.

9.Power measuring.

10. Frequency measuring.

11.Synchronization of sources.

12. Remote monitoring & controlling.

13.  Smart metering.

14. Faults protection.

15 Smart load distribution

16. Real time monitoring.

17.  Better energy management.

18.  Green energy utilization.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry Energy Other IndustriesCore Technology Internet of Things (IoT)Other TechnologiesSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean EnergyRequired Resources

Item Name	Type	No. of Units	Per Unit Cost (in Rs)	Total (in Rs)
			Total in (Rs)	79890
Current Transformer	Equipment	2	800	1600
Potential Transformer	Equipment	2	800	1600
Power Inverter	Equipment	2	6000	12000
Photovoltaic Panels	Equipment	2	12000	24000
Wind	Equipment	1	9000	9000
Relays	Equipment	4	485	1940
Digital Display	Equipment	6	965	5790
Circuit breaker	Equipment	2	660	1320
Arduino (Mega)	Equipment	1	1900	1900
Indicating (Led)	Equipment	8	55	440
Load	Equipment	2	5150	10300
Box	Miscellaneous	1	6500	6500
Report Writing	Miscellaneous	1	3500	3500