Battery Health Monitoring for Commercialized Electric Vehicle Batteries: Lithium-Ion
Pakistan has been declared the seventh most susceptible country because of changing the climate. According to the report of the National Economic and Environment Development Study (NEEDS) that Pakistan will double its emission by 2020 and double it by 2030. Due to the emission of gases, fossil fuel
2025-06-28 16:30:36 - Adil Khan
Battery Health Monitoring for Commercialized Electric Vehicle Batteries: Lithium-Ion
Project Area of Specialization Shared EconomyProject SummaryPakistan has been declared the seventh most susceptible country because of changing the climate. According to the report of the National Economic and Environment Development Study (NEEDS) that Pakistan will double its emission by 2020 and double it by 2030. Due to the emission of gases, fossil fuel vehicles (FFV’s) are replaced by Electric vehicles (EV’s) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV’s), which need a source as a power supply. Batteries are widely used as the power source for EV’s and HEV’s and many more power applications, for which the modeling of a battery plays a key role in the efficiency, safety, and reliability. First, the main types of batteries used in the EV’s and HEV’s are investigated, according to the modern and key management systems (BMS). Li-Ion batteries are the popular source of EV’s and HEV’s because of high energy and power density, long life cycle and very efficient and good performance of charging and discharging capability. Besides this, some problems are also with Li-ion batteries such as its complex electrochemical reactions, degradation and lack of accuracy of the battery life. The key and popular techniques for the estimation of the state of health (SOH) are reviewed. The comparison table is introduced in this paper which gives the detailed argument about the SOH estimation methods and concluded that which one is the best because of its models/algorithms, estimation errors, pros and cons and cost is extensively reviewed in this paper. The electrification of vehicles around the globe, Asia and Pakistan. It's rapid increasing, affecting the economy and environment, saving of energy are also discussed. The future estimation of EV’s and HEV’s are done on the facts and figures.
Project ObjectivesThis project based on smart grid energy storage entity, which is intending to develop an algorithm-based system for battery health monitoring, whereas, in this project, work will be done specific to the state of health and if time allows more state functions will be monitored. Therefore, this project is more towards estimation or instrumentation of electrical engineering domain for the advanced smart grid entities such as electric vehicles and further for grid-scale energy storage.
While in the development this project, address and compiles of advanced electric signals and system, control theory and electronics and power engineering, where hardware will be developed, and their interface will be done with software such as MATLAB/Simulink or LabVIEW.
Project Implementation MethodPurposed Testing Platform:
The proposed testing platform for BMS. The simulated inputs include the battery cell stacks,
temperature, voltage, and current sensors and the external power exchange. In order to simulate these inputs following
systems/functions need to be modeled.
1) Battery Cell Modeling:
The most fundamental and crucial component of this project is the modeling of lithium-ion battery cell using the electrical
equivalent circuit model. The modeling will include the effects of temperature, SOC, current, and usage on the
battery cell. This part will be done in collaboration with the Nano-material research group from the University of China. They
will provide their expertise in modeling lithium-ion cell characteristics. Their letter is attached to this document. The
battery cells will be modeled in the HIL system and their characteristics will be compared with the actual lithium-ion
battery cell.
2) Sensors for voltage, current, and temperature using a Communication link:
It is important to measure the temperature, voltage, and current for each cell using a communication backbone usually
CAN bus or serial com are used that will be implemented inside HIL for this purpose.
3) DC-DC Converters for battery stack charging/discharging:
For charging/discharging the battery stack, a dc-dc converter is required that should also be modeled in the HIL. The
configuration and type of DC-DC converter depend upon the battery pack. However, it should be controllable by the device under test (BMS). Therefore, an interface with the external BMS needs to be developed.
Final Testing of the purposed system:
a) The characteristics of the lithium-ion battery cell will be compared with the physical lithium-ion cells.
b) The battery pack characteristics will be compared with the respective characteristics of the industry provided battery
pack.
c) The emulated battery back will be interfaced with the industry provided BMS.
d) The purposed battery emulator will provide a low power battery pack that could be controlled for emulation of
the different fault and over temperature events inside the battery pack. Thus fully testing the capabilities of the BMS.
Used for the real-time estimation of the State of Health of Li-ion battery of an Electric Vehicles
Used for the real-time estimation of the State of Health of the batteries used in the grids scale energy storage, if permissible by time.
Development of prototype hardware setup for the estimation of battery parameters such as state of health and charge.
Technical Details of Final DeliverableA real-time BMS to test the online/connected battery health of any vehicle, grid-tied system & standalone application.
Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemType of Industry Energy , Manufacturing , Transportation Technologies Artificial Intelligence(AI), Shared Economy, OthersSustainable Development Goals Affordable and Clean Energy, Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, Sustainable Cities and CommunitiesRequired Resources| Item Name | Type | No. of Units | Per Unit Cost (in Rs) | Total (in Rs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total in (Rs) | 74986 | |||
| Li-Ion Cells (Iron Phosphate) | Equipment | 3 | 13912 | 41736 |
| Arduino (MCU) | Miscellaneous | 3 | 1400 | 4200 |
| NI DAQ Cards (I & V) | Equipment | 1 | 11500 | 11500 |
| Variable Load Device | Equipment | 4 | 200 | 800 |
| PCB Boards | Equipment | 5 | 150 | 750 |
| Electronic Components | Equipment | 20 | 100 | 2000 |
| DC Variable Power Source | Equipment | 1 | 6500 | 6500 |
| Variable Load | Equipment | 1 | 2500 | 2500 |
| Thesis Printing | Miscellaneous | 1 | 5000 | 5000 |