Arduino Based Hybrid Energized automatic Firefighting Rescue Robot(QRob)

The destruction of property, the loss of life, and permanent disabilities that may result from a fire incident are all possibilities. While firefighters are primarily responsible for firefighting, they are often exposed to higher risks when extinguishing them, especially in hazardous environments li

2025-06-28 16:25:09 - Adil Khan

Project Title

Arduino Based Hybrid Energized automatic Firefighting Rescue Robot(QRob)

Project Area of Specialization RoboticsProject Summary

The destruction of property, the loss of life, and permanent disabilities that may result from a fire incident are all possibilities. While firefighters are primarily responsible for firefighting, they are often exposed to higher risks when extinguishing them, especially in hazardous environments like power plants and industries. They also confront additional challenges, particularly when a fire breaks out in a confined space because they must inspect the remains of structures and barriers in order to put out the flames. Technological advancements in the age of Artificial Intelligence can be used to combat fire threats. QRob is a firefighting robot with automation capabilities that can suppress a fire without endangering firefighters. It is meant to be smaller than other traditional fire-fighting robots so that they may enter small spaces and extinguish fires in confined spaces. QRob has an ultrasonic sensor to prevent collisions with obstacles and other objects, as well as a flame sensor to detect fire. As a result, QRob is shown to be capable of automatically sensing the location of a fire and extinguishing it from a distance. The automated fire extinguisher is set to find the fire and extinguish it at a distance of 40 cm. An operator can monitor the robot's action by watching the area where a fire occurs using a camera attached to a smartphone or remote devices such as smartphones and LCDs. Since it is a hybrid energized system, therefore, charging issue is resolved with solar backup to avoid manual charging repeatedly. In the case the water tank is empty during operation, a water level indicator system is employed to get caution for refilling the water tank of the Robot.

Project Objectives

In this final year project, we attempt to develop an automatic firefighting rescue Robot, an efficient, and programmable robot which extinguished and monitor the fire problem automatically. 

The specific objectives of this project are:                                                           

  1. Development of the QRob a prototype for firefighting using Arduino microcontroller
  2. Comparison of developed QRob model with conventional firefighting system
  3. To develop distance detection in avoiding hitting the wall and approaching the flame as soon as possible
  4. To apply the android application on the robot for live streaming
  5. Execute automatically and extinguish the fire
Project Implementation Method

In this project, Arduino nano and an ESP32 (used as a microcontroller) have been implemented. Using Four flame sensors, Ultrasonic sensors, and a wireless camera which is used for monitoring the fire area where fire problem occurs. The flame sensors have been used to sense fire so that robot can execute towards the location to spray the water to the affected spot. The Robot is unequivocal to apply and design hardware and software aspects. Low-cost devices and components have been implemented in the development of the prototype. A very sensitive flame sensor and an ultrasonic sensor with an ESP-32 microcontroller connect to an integrated automatic system. This proto-type robot ensures both safety and security systems and is useful in a variety of applications. This intelligent Robot is extensively useful in fire extinguishing applications so that a small ignition of the fire can be controlled immediately to avoid a catastrophe. The flame sensor is used for detecting the fire zone. The robot is equipped with 360 sensors that are able to detect fire in any direction. Four dc gear motors have been incorporated, which are more powerful than normal dc motors, these motors have the advantage of carrying more weight. The speed of the motors depends mostly on torque. If torque is high, the speed will decrease. The ultrasonic sensor is used for detecting obstacles so that hindrances can be avoided. An automatic fire extinguisher is employed for the actual purpose. An ESP-32 camera has been used in this robot the monitoring if the robot is working in a sophisticated remote area where the fire is detected. Additionally, the robot works with a sensor for searching for the fire, which automatically squirts water over it. All these operations are automated through particular programming installed through Arduino

Benefits of the Project

ThisAutomatic rescue robot is the solution for the dangerous fire situation and its hazards. This automated project offers improved safety for industry, agriculture, textile mills, petrol pumps, oil refineries, flour mills, airports as well as military ammunition spots where fire safety is a critical issue. This project is a prototype, developed from economical components, thus providing an economic solution to hazards. It offers s dual mechanism for its operation, that, it is being energized by a battery source for indoor operation, also a solar panel source to perform outdoor jobs. Hence, battery replacement or charging problem is avoided significantly by the use of the renewable source.

Technical Details of Final Deliverable

This intelligent Robot is extensively useful in fire extinguishing applications so that a small ignition of the fire can be controlled immediately to avoid a catastrophe. It can monitor the areas where natural calamities can occur. Using flame and smoke sensors mounted on the robot, detect fire, smoke, and temperature at the disaster site. The MCU activates the water pump mechanism if the sensors detect a fire. Features include detecting fire sources and putting out fires. The robot is capable of putting out different types of electric and metal fires at the earliest possible time. It can perform a variety of indoor and outdoor safe interior fire operations on large commercial and industrial buildings.

This firefighting robot is more feasible than the previously developed firefighting models which use an Android phone-controlled robot using Bluetooth, that can extinguish the fire this one operator operates the Robot manually. In a conventional system human also takes more time to find a source to extinguish the fire. This will cause the fire to spread quickly, which can increase the damage.

Final Deliverable of the Project HW/SW integrated systemCore Industry SecurityOther IndustriesCore Technology RoboticsOther Technologies Artificial Intelligence(AI)Sustainable Development Goals Good Health and Well-Being for People, Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureRequired Resources
Item Name Type No. of Units Per Unit Cost (in Rs) Total (in Rs)
Total in (Rs) 56760
Solar panel 3W 12V Equipment37002100
12V Dc Solar Charge Controller Equipment212002400
Charger 12V, 2A Equipment110001000
Buck-boost converter Equipment3200600
Arduino Nano Equipment212002400
12 Volt DC Battery power supply Equipment225005000
SG90 SG-90 180-degree Servo motor Equipment43501400
Motor Driver IC L293 Equipment2450900
5V Dc gear Motors Equipment62501500
Water storage tank Equipment1500500
Small car wheels Equipment44001600
4WD Car Chassis Equipment130003000
Flame sensors KY026 Equipment82502000
HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensors Equipment82702160
ESP-32 CAM WIFI 5V with Bluetooth OV2640 Equipment135003500
30cm jumper wire male female (bundle's) Equipment1050500
12V Relay Equipment6150900
Water pipe Equipment1150150
Programming cable Equipment1150150
Stand for holding solar plate Equipment1200200
Push-button Equipment1050500
Breadboard 400 tie points Equipment1150150
HC06 Bluetooth wireless module Equipment29001800
Super Loud 5V Active Buzzer Equipment3100300
Water level indicator 9V DC operated Equipment116001600
Resistor/capacitors Equipment505250
Arduino Mega Equipment226005200
Visual LCD display for live streaming Equipment160006000
thesis printing Miscellaneous 610006000
poster design Miscellaneous 130003000

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